ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 9 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse provides instructions to a client diagnosed with inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBS) about measures to treat diarrhea caused by acute flare-ups. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increasing dietary fiber, especially during flare-ups, can worsen diarrhea in IBS by increasing stool bulk and motility. Low-fiber diets are recommended during acute episodes.
Question 2 of 5
A client admitted with an acute exacerbation of Ménière's disease asks the student nurse why he was prescribed diphenhydramine. Which response by the student nurse requires correction by the primary nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ménière's disease is not caused by an allergic response; its cause is unknown but may involve fluid imbalance or infection. Diphenhydramine, an antihistamine with anticholinergic properties, correctly helps reduce nausea, vomiting, and promotes rest.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse reviewing a client's chart reads that the client was observed having a complex partial seizure with automatisms of the face. What does the nurse understand this to mean?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Complex partial seizures involve focal brain activity with impaired awareness, and automatisms like lip-smacking are involuntary facial movements (
Choice
D). Losing bladder control is typical of generalized tonic-clonic seizures (
Choice
A). Fixed, dilated eyes are not specific to complex partial seizures (
Choice
B). Involuntary groaning is less characteristic than facial automatisms (
Choice
C).
Question 4 of 5
A nurse collects health history from a 65 year old client. Which of the following risk factors in the client's history puts the client at the highest risk for embolic stroke?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of embolic stroke by causing blood pooling in the heart, leading to clot formation that can travel to the brain and block an artery.
Question 5 of 5
A client receiving parenteral nutrition by central venous access reports feeling unwell. The nurse assesses the client and suspects that the central line has become infected. Which of the following findings indicate that the client has developed a systemic infection? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,E,F
Rationale: Purulent drainage at intravenous insertion site is a finding of a local infection that can spread systemically, indicating bacterial invasion and inflammation (
Choice
B). Leukocytosis indicates increased white blood cell production in response to a systemic infection, detectable by blood test (
Choice E). Fever is a systemic infection sign due to immune system activation and pyrogen release, measurable by thermometer (
Choice F). Edema may indicate fluid overload or impaired venous return, not specifically systemic infection (
Choice
A). Redness at the insertion site suggests local inflammation, not necessarily systemic spread (
Choice
C). Nausea is a non-specific symptom possibly related to parenteral nutrition side effects or other conditions, not a direct indicator of systemic infection (
Choice
D).