ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 9 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse caring for a client with acute peritonitis reviews the physician's orders. The orders include an NPO diet, insertion of a nasogastric tube set to low intermittent suction, and IV fluids at 50 mL per hour. When asked why he will need the NG tube, what is the nurse's best reply?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The NG tube removes gastric secretions and decompresses the stomach, reducing abdominal distension and irritation in acute peritonitis, preventing complications like vomiting or aspiration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is performing a Weber test on a client who reports difficulty hearing in his left ear. The client informs the nurse that he can hear the tone louder in his left ear. Which of the following does this result indicate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the Weber test, hearing the tone louder in the affected ear (left) indicates conductive hearing loss, due to sound wave blockage in the outer or middle ear (
Choice
B). The test is not inconclusive, as it shows lateralization (
Choice
A). Normal hearing shows no lateralization (
Choice
C). Sensorineural hearing loss causes lateralization to the unaffected ear (
Choice
D).
Question 3 of 5
The primary health care provider has determined that a client has contracted hepatitis A based on flu-like symptoms and jaundice. Which statement made by the client supports this medical diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: I ate shellfish about 2 weeks ago at a local restaurant.' supports the medical diagnosis of hepatitis A, which is an infection of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). HAV is transmitted by fecal-oral route, meaning that it can be contracted by ingesting contaminated food or water, such as raw or undercooked shellfish from polluted waters. The incubation period for hepatitis A is about two to six weeks. 'I was an intravenous drug abuser in the past and shared needles.' does not support the medical diagnosis of hepatitis A, but may indicate exposure to hepatitis B or C, which are infections of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). HBV and HCV are transmitted by blood or body fluids, meaning that they can be contracted by sharing needles, syringes, or other injection equipment with infected people. 'I had a blood transfusion in 1980 after major abdominal surgery.' does not support the medical diagnosis of hepatitis A, but may indicate exposure to hepatitis B or C, which are infections of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). HBV and HCV are transmitted by blood or body fluids, meaning that they can be contracted by receiving blood transfusions or organ transplants from infected donors. However, since 1992, all donated blood in the United States has been screened for HBV and HCV. 'I have had unprotected sex with multiple partners.' does not support the medical diagnosis of hepatitis A, but may indicate exposure to hepatitis B or C, which are infections of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). HBV and HCV are transmitted by blood or body fluids, meaning that they can be contracted by having unprotected sex with infected people. However, sexual transmission of HAV is rare, unless there is contact with fecal matter.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse at an ophthalmology clinic is providing medication teaching to a client who has open angle glaucoma. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Open angle glaucoma requires lifelong medication to maintain normal intraocular pressure and prevent vision loss.
Question 5 of 5
A client with red scaling papules on his elbows, knees, lower back, and scalp arrives to the clinic. Which of the following questions will the nurse include in her assessment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asking if the lesions hurt helps assess pain and discomfort associated with psoriasis, which is indicated by red scaling papules.