ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client who has a history of migraines comes into the clinic reporting 'tingling of the face' and blind spots in the eyes. Which of the following phases of a migraine is the client experiencing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The aura phase involves neurological symptoms like visual disturbances (blind spots) and sensory symptoms (tingling), which match the client's symptoms. Prodrome involves subtle warning signs like fatigue, postdrome involves lingering symptoms like fatigue, and the headache phase focuses on pain, not these specific neurological symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has multiple sclerosis about factors that can worsen their manifestations. Which of the following factors should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sunbathing can exacerbate MS symptoms due to Uhthoff's phenomenon, where increased body temperature impairs nerve conduction, worsening symptoms like fatigue and weakness. Flying, office work, and high altitude travel are less directly associated with symptom exacerbation, though related factors like stress or hypoxia may have indirect effects.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis and is being evaluated for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as manifestations of this condition? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Memory loss (
A), clumsiness (
B), seizures (
D), and vision difficulty (E) are PML symptoms due to JC virus-related brain damage. Tardive dyskinesia (
C) is a movement disorder unrelated to PML.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is discussing factors that can lead to obstructive sleep apnea with a group of older adults. Which of the following factors should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Stroke, fatty deposits, and muscle dysfunction are direct contributing factors to obstructive sleep apnea. Stroke affects respiratory control, fatty deposits narrow the airway, and muscle dysfunction increases airway collapsibility.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a spinal cord injury about prevention of atelectasis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Deep coughing clears mucus and promotes lung expansion, reducing atelectasis risk. Panting breaths, chest muscle exercises, and excessive rest are less effective or may increase atelectasis risk due to reduced lung activity.