ATI RN
ATI N200 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client is admitted with hypovolemia due to severe bleeding. Which IV fluid does the nurse anticipate using to replace fluid losses?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Normal saline (
C) is isotonic, expanding blood volume. D5W (
A) and D5 1/4 NS (
B) are hypotonic, and 3% NaCl (
D) is hypertonic, unsuitable for resuscitation.
Question 2 of 5
A client is admitted at 0700 with severe dehydration. The doctor orders D5W to run at 150 ml/hr. The client is ordered an IVPB antibiotic every 4 hours, that will be administered in 50 ml of IV fluid over 1 hour. The antibiotic is scheduled to start at 0800. The client is permitted liquids and takes the following: 4 oz gelatin 10 oz apple juice 500 ml of water 16 oz of ice chips which is consumed by the end of the shift Urine output is as follows: At 0900: 100 mL 1100: 250 mL 1330: 290 mL 1445: 250 ml At 1200, the client had 300 mL of a diarrhea stool. Calculate the cumulative fluid balance for the 0700-1500 shift.
Correct Answer: 1270 mL
Rationale: Intake: IV Fluids: D5W: 150 ml/hr from 0700 to 1500 (8 hours) = 150 ml/hr * 8 hr = 1200 ml. Antibiotic: 50 ml every 4 hours, starting at 0800. So, it will be administered at 0800 and 1200 = 50 ml * 2 = 100 ml. Oral Intake: Gelatin: 4 oz = 4 * 30 ml = 120 ml. Apple Juice: 10 oz = 10 * 30 ml = 300 ml. Water: 500 ml. Ice Chips: 16 oz (since ice chips are half liquid) = 16 * 30 ml / 2 = 240 ml.
Total Intake: 1200 ml (D5W) + 100 ml (Antibiotic) + 120 ml (Gelatin) + 300 ml (Apple Juice) + 500 ml (Water) + 240 ml (Ice Chips) = 2460 ml. Output: Urine Output: 0900: 100 ml, 1100: 250 ml, 1330: 290 ml, 1445: 250 ml. Diarrhea Stool: 1200: 300 ml.
Total Output: 100 ml + 250 ml + 290 ml + 250 ml + 300 ml = 1190 ml. Cumulative Fluid Balance: Intake - Output: 2460 ml - 1190 ml = 1270 ml. So, the cumulative fluid balance for the 0700-1500 shift is +1270 ml.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is discharging a client newly diagnosed with tuberculosis. Which medications should be included in the discharge planning? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Isoniazid (
B), pyrazinamide (
C), and rifampin (E) are TB treatments. Albuterol (
A) and tiotropium (
D) are for asthma/COPD.
Question 4 of 5
The client has fibromyalgia and asks the nurse why this occurs. Which statement by the client, would show that the explanation was understood?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fibromyalgia does not involve inflammation in muscles and tendons; it is a central nervous system disorder. Fibromyalgia is not psychosomatic, although its symptoms are not fully understood and may involve stress. Cartilage destruction is more characteristic of osteoarthritis, not fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgia is characterized by abnormal pain processing, where the body perceives normal sensations as painful.
Question 5 of 5
The experienced nurse understands that the student nurse may require additional instruction regarding proper respiratory assessment techniques when the nurse observes the student: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Rapid breathing (
B) distorts breath sounds, and listening through clothing (
C) reduces accuracy. Full respirations (
A), slow deep breaths (D, ideally through the mouth), and assessing both phases (E) are correct techniques.