ATI RN
ATI n200 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is presenting a community health program on fracture risk reduction. Which topics should be included? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Recreational drug use does not directly relate to fracture prevention and is less relevant for a fracture risk reduction program. The use of seatbelts helps reduce the risk of fractures during vehicle accidents, a common cause of trauma. Osteoporosis screening is important for identifying individuals at higher risk for fractures due to bone weakness. Helmets protect against head injuries, which can result in fractures, particularly in activities like biking or skating. Fall prevention strategies are crucial in reducing fracture risk, especially in older adults or those with osteoporosis.
Question 2 of 5
A client is receiving IV fluids at 100 ml per hour. The nurse is told in report at 1200 that there are 500 ml left in the bag. At what time should the nurse expect to hang a new bag? Report the time in military time.
Correct Answer: 1700
Rationale: Calculate the remaining volume of fluid: Remaining volume =
Total volume - Volume infused. Remaining volume = 1000 mL - 500 mL = 500 mL. Calculate the remaining infusion time: Remaining infusion time = Remaining volume / Infusion rate. Remaining infusion time = 500 mL / 100 mL/hr = 5 hours. Determine the time the infusion will be complete: Current time: 1200 (12:00 PM). Remaining infusion time: 5 hours. Time of completion: 1200 (12:00 PM) + 5 hours = 1700.
Therefore, the nurse should expect to hang a new bag at 1700.
Question 3 of 5
The client has fibromyalgia and asks the nurse why this occurs. Which statement by the client, would show that the explanation was understood?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fibromyalgia does not involve inflammation in muscles and tendons; it is a central nervous system disorder. Fibromyalgia is not psychosomatic, although its symptoms are not fully understood and may involve stress. Cartilage destruction is more characteristic of osteoarthritis, not fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgia is characterized by abnormal pain processing, where the body perceives normal sensations as painful.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about avoiding a gout attack. In evaluating the client's recall of a low purine diet, which dietary choice would indicate to the nurse that the client needs more teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fried chicken is not considered a high-purine food, though fried foods should be eaten in moderation for general health. Baked chicken with broccoli and baked potato is a low-purine meal, suitable for managing gout. Anchovies are high in purines, which can increase uric acid levels and trigger a gout attack. A low-purine diet should avoid foods high in purines, including organ meats, Treasured meat, shellfish, and certain fish like anchovies. Turkey burger with coleslaw and baked chips is also appropriate for a low-purine diet, as turkey is a lean meat and doesn't significantly elevate uric acid levels.
Question 5 of 5
A client diagnosed with cervical spine degeneration has undergone a laminectomy. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Measuring drainage from the Jackson-Pratt drain is important, but this is not the primary intervention to address post-laminectomy complications. The patient should generally be positioned in a neutral, stable position, but not specifically prone with knees elevated, which may be uncomfortable or inappropriate for the cervical region. Narcotics may be required for pain control, especially postoperatively, so advising the patient to avoid them is inappropriate. Following a cervical spine laminectomy, the nurse should assess the client for any signs of nerve or spinal cord injury, such as difficulty speaking or breathing. These symptoms may indicate spinal cord compression or other complications.