ATI RN
ATI n200 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A physical therapist is helping nursing students to understand the correct use of ambulatory devices. The students realize that the correct statement(s) made is/are: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: The cane should be held on the stronger side to support the weaker side. Rubber caps prevent the cane from slipping, enhancing safety. Moving the walker first provides stability before the client steps into it. Adequate upper body strength is necessary to use a standard walker effectively. Body weight should be supported on the hands, not the axillae, to avoid nerve damage.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client postoperative closed reduction of the left ankle with a short cast in place. Which assessments of the client's affected leg should the nurse make? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Capillary refill is a key indicator of circulation to the affected area. It should be assessed to ensure adequate perfusion. Pain assessment is critical for identifying any complications such as compartment syndrome or inadequate pain management. The ability to move the toes helps assess for nerve function and mobility. Posterior tibialis and pedal pulses assess the circulation and can help identify signs of vascular compromise. Skin temperature and color help identify signs of poor circulation, swelling, or potential complications like compartment syndrome.
Question 3 of 5
A client describes low back pain that radiates down one leg. Which factors that aggravate the pain increase the likelihood that this client has a herniated disc? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Dancing, although it can involve movement and stress on the body, is not as directly associated with aggravating a herniated disc compared to the other listed factors. Sneezing and coughing can increase intra-abdominal pressure and aggravate a herniated disc by putting more stress on the affected area of the spine. Lifting a heavy box from a high position requires bending and twisting, which can exacerbate a herniated disc. Prolonged standing or sitting can increase pressure on the spine, especially in the lower back, and aggravate symptoms of a herniated disc. Lying down generally relieves pressure on the spine and is less likely to aggravate a herniated disc.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who returned 4 hours ago from having a lumbar laminectomy. Which change in assessment requires further action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clear yellow drainage from the Foley catheter is a normal finding postoperatively. Not having a bowel movement immediately after surgery is not unusual due to anesthesia and postoperative medications. Bowel function should be monitored. Numbness in both feet could indicate nerve injury, spinal cord compression, or other complications such as hematoma formation, and requires immediate attention. Pain is expected after surgery, but if the pain level is not well-controlled, it should be addressed. A pain score of 7/10 requires further assessment, but it is not as urgent as bilateral numbness.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse recognizes that the primary physiologic problem affecting clients with emphysema is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Alveolar wall destruction (
D) causes air trapping in emphysema. Bronchial size (
A), diaphragm overexpansion (
B), and inhalation difficulty (
C) are secondary.