ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Final Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client diagnosed with Addison's disease is being treated with prednisone. The nurse must educate the patient about which of the following side effects of prednisone? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Prednisone increases the risk for infection due to immunosuppression, causes hypertension due to sodium retention, and leads to hyperglycemia by increasing glucose production. Hypotension and hypoglycemia are not typical side effects.
Question 2 of 5
A client admitted to the hospital has been placed on furosemide (Lasix) for the treatment of heart failure. Which side effect should the nurse monitor for associated with furosemide (Lasix)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, is a common side effect associated with furosemide. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that works by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the kidneys, which leads to an increase in urine output. This process can also cause the body to lose potassium, making hypokalemia a significant risk.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for lithium to treat bipolar disorder. The nurse should instruct the client to ensure an adequate intake of which of the following dietary elements?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adequate sodium intake is crucial for clients taking lithium. Lithium and sodium compete for reabsorption in the kidneys; low sodium levels can lead to higher lithium levels, increasing the risk of lithium toxicity.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer digoxin (Lanoxin) to a client experiencing atrial fibrillation. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances would the nurse assess to reduce the incidence of toxicity with digoxin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, significantly increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. Potassium and digoxin compete for binding at the same sites in the heart, and low potassium levels enhance digoxin's effects, potentially leading to toxicity.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who sustained blood loss. Which is a manifestation of hypovolemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A weak pulse is a common manifestation of hypovolemia. Reduced blood volume leads to decreased cardiac output and poor perfusion, resulting in a thready or weak pulse.