ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Final Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client receiving phenazopyridine (Azo) for urinary tract analgesia. Which of the following side effects is associated with phenazopyridine?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Orange-colored urine. Phenazopyridine is known to cause discoloration of urine to orange or red due to its excretion in the urine. This is a harmless side effect and is commonly seen in patients taking this medication. Vomiting, dizziness, and an increase in blood pressure are not typically associated with phenazopyridine use. It is important for the nurse to educate the client about this benign side effect to prevent any unnecessary concern or alarm.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with swelling to the distal phalanges, first big toe, and 10/10 pain. Which medication below would be administered for this client's acute gout?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Colchicine. Colchicine is the treatment of choice for acute gout attacks. It works by decreasing inflammation and pain associated with gout. Febuxostat (
A) is used for chronic management of gout by lowering uric acid levels. Physostigmine (
B) is a medication used for certain conditions like glaucoma and overdose of anticholinergic drugs, not for gout. Captopril (
C) is an ACE inhibitor used for hypertension and heart failure, not for gout.
Question 3 of 5
A client diagnosed with allergic rhinitis is prescribed an antihistamine to assist with symptoms. Which of the following medications below would be considered a second-generation antihistamine?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cetirizine (Zyrtec). Second-generation antihistamines like cetirizine have a lower risk of causing sedation compared to first-generation antihistamines like diphenhydramine (Benadryl). Second-generation antihistamines are preferred for allergic rhinitis due to their longer duration of action and reduced side effects. Lanoxin (Digoxin) and Captopril (Capoten) are not antihistamines, they are used for heart conditions and hypertension respectively. Diphenhydramine is a first-generation antihistamine known for its sedative effects.
Therefore, A is the correct choice for a second-generation antihistamine in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is currently receiving oxytocin (Pitocin). What will the nurse anticipate as an expected outcome of this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Inducing labor in full-term gestation clients. Oxytocin is a hormone that stimulates uterine contractions and is commonly used to induce labor in full-term pregnant women. This medication helps to initiate and strengthen contractions to facilitate childbirth.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because oxytocin does not prevent pregnancy, increase egg production, or prevent contractions in pre-term clients. The expected outcome of oxytocin administration specifically in this scenario would be the initiation of labor in full-term gestation clients.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with hypertension and requires medication therapy. Which of the following medications below is considered a first-line treatment for hypertension?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lisinopril. Lisinopril is considered a first-line treatment for hypertension because it is an ACE inhibitor, which is recommended as initial therapy by major guidelines. ACE inhibitors like lisinopril have shown to reduce mortality, prevent target organ damage, and are well tolerated. Carvedilol (
A) is a beta-blocker, Clonidine (
B) and Doxazosin (
C) are not typically used as first-line agents due to side effects and limited efficacy in monotherapy for hypertension.