ATI RN
ATI Nur285 Med Surg Fall Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client comes to the clinic complaining of dysphagia and states that 'he feels like food is stuck in his throat.' The physician suspects esophageal cancer. Which of the following is a risk factor for esophageal cancer?
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Family history and smoking tobacco are significant risk factors for esophageal cancer, increasing genetic and environmental risks.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has an endotracheal tube and is receiving mechanical ventilation. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Brushing the client's teeth with a suction toothbrush every 12 hours is a key intervention to reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Oral hygiene helps to decrease the accumulation of bacteria in the mouth, which could potentially be aspirated into the lungs and cause infection.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching student nurses about different types of medical conditions that affect the gastrointestinal system, when a student asks her about the cause of esophageal varices. What is an appropriate answer by the nurse when asked about a potential cause of esophageal varices?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chronic liver disease, particularly cirrhosis, causes portal hypertension, leading to engorged esophageal veins and varices.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client and discovers the infusion pump with the client's total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solution is not infusing. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shakiness and diaphoresis indicate hypoglycemia, which can occur if TPN infusion is interrupted, causing a drop in blood sugar.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote thinning of respiratory secretions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increasing fluid intake helps thin respiratory secretions by providing hydration, reducing the viscosity of sputum and aiding expectoration.