ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Exam Cardiac Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client comes into the emergency room with complaints of persistent, crushing chest pain. Along with the chief complaint, what other symptoms would make the nurse suspect that the client is experiencing a myocardial infarction (MI)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diaphoresis and cool clammy skin are correct. These symptoms occur due to sympathetic nervous system activation in response to cardiac ischemia, leading to vasoconstriction, sweating, and signs of impending shock. Intermittent claudication, jugular vein distention, and mid-epigastric pain are not classic MI symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a history of heart failure on daily weights has a 2-pound weight gain and pitting edema in bilateral lower extremities. Which action should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Performing a head-to-toe assessment, including vital signs, is correct. A 2-pound weight gain and edema suggest fluid retention, requiring assessment for worsening heart failure symptoms like crackles or respiratory distress. Encouraging fluid intake, monitoring without action, or checking code status are not immediate priorities.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client status/post a Myocardial Infarction who is questioning procedures utilized for treatment. Which of the following statements correctly explains a Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: CABG involves using a healthy artery or vein to bypass the blocked portion of a coronary artery, restoring blood flow. Balloon inflation, clot-dissolving medication, and dye injection describe other procedures (angioplasty, thrombolytics, angiogram).
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client with the diagnosis of left-sided heart failure. Which clinical finding should the nurse expect the client to experience?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Orthopnea is correct. Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion, leading to difficulty breathing when lying flat. Bradycardia, diaphoresis, and yellow sputum are not hallmark symptoms of left-sided heart failure.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following describe a non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An NSTEMI occurs due to a partial occlusion of a coronary artery, causing ischemia without ST-segment elevation. Complete occlusion describes STEMI, and exertional chest pain describes stable angina.