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ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Exam Cardiac Questions

Extract:


Question 1 of 5

Which of the following is considered a risk factor for COPD?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is correct. It is a genetic disorder that leads to early-onset emphysema, impairing the lungs' ability to protect against enzymatic damage. Hypertension, male gender, and history of pulmonary embolism are not primary risk factors for COPD.

Question 2 of 5

A client comes into the emergency room with complaints of persistent, crushing chest pain. Along with the chief complaint, what other symptoms would make the nurse suspect that the client is experiencing a myocardial infarction (MI)?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Diaphoresis and cool clammy skin are correct. These symptoms occur due to sympathetic nervous system activation in response to cardiac ischemia, leading to vasoconstriction, sweating, and signs of impending shock. Intermittent claudication, jugular vein distention, and mid-epigastric pain are not classic MI symptoms.

Question 3 of 5

What is the underlying rationale for why a nurse assesses a client with emphysema for clinical indicators of hypoxia?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Lack of adequate surface area for aeration is correct. Emphysema causes alveolar destruction, reducing gas exchange surface area, leading to chronic hypoxia. Mucus production, infections, and bronchiole inflammation are more relevant to chronic bronchitis or other conditions.

Question 4 of 5

A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) about how to use an albuterol inhaler. Which of the following actions by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Holding the breath for 10 seconds after inhaling allows medication absorption. Waiting 10 minutes, quick inhalation, or exhaling during inhalation are incorrect techniques.

Question 5 of 5

The client is being discharged with a prescription of prednisone. Which of the following is not a common side effect for this corticosteroid?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Weight loss is not a common side effect of prednisone. Weight gain due to fluid retention and increased appetite is typical. Dry mouth, hyperglycemia, and decreased wound healing are common side effects.

Similar Questions

Client presents to the ED with substernal chest pain that comes and goes. The client states that the pain has been occurring for the last 8 hr. The pain, at times radiates down the left arm. Client also reports intermittent nausea Client appears pale and slightly diaphoretic. Client rates current pain as 7 on a scale of 0 to 10. A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department (ED). The nurse is planning care for the client. For each potential prescription. indicate whether it is indicated, nonessential, or contraindicated.
A nurse is caring for a client who reports a new onset of severe chest pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to determine if the client is experiencing a myocardial infarction?
The nurse and unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) are caring for an elderly client diagnosed with emphysema. Which nursing tasks could be delegated to the UAP to improve gas exchange? (Select All that Apply)
A client has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and right-sided heart failure. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
A client who has coronary artery disease tells the nurse he is afraid of dying from a heart attack. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

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