ATI RN
ATI RN Targeted Medical Surgical Respiratory Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the iollowing is true regarding the physiology of an open pneumothorax?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In an open pneumothorax, air freely enters and exits the pleural space through a chest wound, disrupting negative pressure and impairing lung expansion.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the care plan of an older adult client who has pneumonia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased fluid intake thins secretions, aiding clearance in pneumonia. Coughing and deep breathing are helpful but not the primary intervention, and N-95 respirators or full ADL independence are not indicated.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has multiple injuries following a motor vehicle crash. The nurse should monitor for which of the following manifestations of a pneumothorax?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A pneumothorax causes lung collapse, leading to an absence of breath sounds over the affected area due to air in the pleural space preventing lung expansion. Stridor, wheezes, and crackles are associated with upper airway obstruction, bronchoconstriction, or fluid/mucus, respectively.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a tracheostomy, and has copious and tenacious secretions. Which of the following is an acceptable method for the nurse to use to thin this client's secretions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Humidified oxygen adds moisture to the airway, thinning secretions and aiding clearance. Chest physiotherapy mobilizes secretions but doesn't thin them, and the other options do not address secretion viscosity.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is postoperative and has a respiratory rate of 7/min. The arterial blood gas (ABG) values include: pH 7.22 PaCO2 68 mm Hg Base excess -2 PaO2 78 mm Hg Oxygen saturation 80% Bicarbonate 28 mEq/L. Which of the following interpretations of the ABG values should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The low pH (7.22) and elevated PaCO2 (68 mm Hg) indicate respiratory acidosis, as the accumulation of carbon dioxide lowers the blood pH. The bicarbonate level is slightly elevated, suggesting partial compensation, but not indicative of metabolic alkalosis or acidosis.