ATI RN
ATI Rn 46 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
When teaching a patient about the long-term consequences of rheumatic fever, the nurse should discuss the possibility of
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rheumatic fever can damage heart valves, leading to valvular heart disease like stenosis or regurgitation. Right ventricular hypertrophy, superior vena cava syndrome, and pulmonary hypertension are not direct consequences.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse recognizes the patient has clinical manifestations of left sided heart failure when noticing the following during the assessment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crackles in the lungs indicate fluid accumulation from left-sided heart failure. Hepatomegaly, peripheral edema, and distended neck veins are associated with right-sided heart failure.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following are risk factors for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Smoking and family history increase AAA risk by weakening arterial walls and genetic predisposition. High HDL and normal total cholesterol are protective. Diabetes is not a direct risk factor.
Question 4 of 5
Which action should the nurse include in a community health program to decrease the incidence of rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rheumatic fever is a complication of untreated streptococcal pharyngitis. Timely antibiotic treatment prevents its development. Prophylactic antibiotics are for secondary prevention, not broad community strategy. No streptococcal vaccine is widely available. Monitoring temperature is less effective than ensuring treatment.
Question 5 of 5
The patient with acute pericarditis is having a pericardiocentesis. What complication should the nurse monitor the patient for?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pneumothorax is a significant risk during pericardiocentesis if the needle punctures the lung. Pneumonia, myocardial infarction, and CVA are less likely complications.