Correct Answer: C

Rationale: While the thickness of the tympanic membranes can indeed change with age it typically increases rather than decreases. Thickening of the tympanic membranes can contribute to hearing loss by reducing the ability of the ear to transmit sound vibrations. Tinnitus or ringing in the ears is not typically decreased in older adults. In fact tinnitus is often more common in older individuals and can be a sign of age-related hearing loss. A decreased ability to hear high-frequency sounds is a common physiological change associated with aging. This is often one of the first signs of age-related hearing loss. Decreased ear wax is not typically associated with aging. In fact some older adults may produce more ear wax which can contribute to hearing problems if it becomes impacted.

Correct Answer: B,D

Rationale: This statement is incorrect. Exercise actually promotes the release of endorphins which are chemicals in the brain that act as natural painkillers and mood elevators. This statement is correct. Regular exercise can help improve sleep quality and duration. This statement is incorrect. Exercise actually increases energy levels by improving circulation and heart health. This statement is correct. Regular exercise can help decrease stress and improve mood by promoting the release of endorphins.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Regression is a defense mechanism where an individual reverts to an earlier stage of development or a less mature behavior when faced with stress or anxiety. This does not fit the scenario provided. Projection involves attributing one's own unacceptable feelings or thoughts to others. This is not the case in the scenario provided. Rationalization involves creating logical but untrue explanations to justify unacceptable behavior or feelings. In this scenario the patient is rationalizing their failure to take their medication by blaming their partner's forgetfulness. Repression involves unconsciously blocking out painful or uncomfortable thoughts or feelings. This does not fit the scenario provided.

Correct Answer: A,C,D

Rationale: Slow capillary refill is a sign that the body is not circulating blood as effectively as it should be. This can be a sign that a person is actively dying. Ringing in the ears also known as tinnitus is not typically a sign that a person is actively dying. It can be caused by a variety of factors including exposure to loud noise certain medications and some health conditions. Cold hands and feet can be a sign that a person is actively dying. As the body's systems start to shut down blood flow to the extremities can decrease causing them to feel cold. Mottled and blotchy skin especially on the hands feet and knees can be a sign that a person is actively dying. This is caused by reduced blood flow to the skin.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Restlessness is an observable behavior making it an objective finding. Pacing is also an observable behavior so it is considered an objective finding. Anxiety is a subjective finding because it is based on the patient's personal experience and cannot be directly observed. Alertness is an objective finding because it can be directly observed and measured.