ATI RN
ATI EW N300 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The patient diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) states that they have developed purple, brown spots on their body. Which opportunistic infection does the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Kaposi's Sarcoma is a vascular malignancy associated with AIDS caused by human herpesvirus 8. It presents as purple or brown skin lesions due to abnormal angiogenesis and endothelial proliferation in immunocompromised patients.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse has established a goal to maintain intracranial pressure (ICP) within the normal range for a patient with an acute head injury. Which actions should the nurse take to achieve this goal?
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed aids venous drainage, serial assessments monitor ICP changes, and sedatives/pain medications reduce cerebral metabolic rate, all helping maintain normal ICP.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is developing a teaching plan for the client with glaucoma. Which of the following instructions would the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glaucoma treatments, including eye drops, aim to manage intraocular pressure and are required lifelong to prevent optic nerve damage and preserve vision.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient in the ICU with a diagnosis of an acute closed head injury whose intracranial pressure (ICP) is 25 mmHg. What is the priority action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Raising the head of the bed promotes venous drainage, reducing ICP, and notifying the physician ensures timely intervention.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse knows that a common presentation that happens early in HIV infections is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flu-like symptoms such as chills and aches occur during acute retroviral syndrome due to initial viral replication and immune response shortly after HIV infection.