ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Comprehensive Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse plans of care for a patient who has a fractured femur. During the 24 to 48 hours after the fracture, the nurse monitors the patient for the development of which complication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a serious complication that can occur within 24 to 48 hours after a long bone fracture, especially a femur fracture. Fat droplets from the bone marrow can enter the bloodstream, leading to embolism in the lungs, brain, or heart, causing symptoms such as respiratory distress, confusion, and petechial rash.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is performing a cardiac assessment on a client and auscultates an S3 sound. The nurse should recognize that this sound represents which of the following heart conditions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An S3 heart sound is known as a ventricular gallop and occurs during the rapid filling phase of the ventricle in early diastole. It is commonly heard in conditions like heart failure, where the ventricles are overfilled, or in younger individuals with healthy hearts.
Question 3 of 5
For each potential precaution, click to specify if the precaution is indicated or contraindicated for a client who has had a total hip arthroplasty.
| Options | Indicated | Contraindicated |
|---|---|---|
| Request an antiemetic medication | ||
| Encourage the client to cough and deep breathe every 2 hr | ||
| Ensure an abductor pillow is in place while the client is in bed | ||
| Anticipate the administration of antibiotics | ||
| Obtain a culture of the drainage from the surgical site |
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Encouraging coughing and deep breathing, using an abductor pillow, administering antibiotics, and obtaining a culture are indicated to prevent respiratory complications, hip dislocation, and infections. Antiemetics are contraindicated unless nausea is present.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has returned from the surgical suite following surgery for a fractured mandible. The client had intermaxillary fixation to repair and stabilize the fracture. Which of the following actions is the priority for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Preventing aspiration is the priority because the client may have difficulty swallowing or controlling their airway due to the surgical procedure and fixation of the jaw. The nurse should ensure the client's airway is clear and that they are positioned appropriately to prevent aspiration.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. The nurse should recognize that which of the following are manifestations of Cushing's syndrome? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Moon face, purple striations, hypertension, and buffalo hump are classic manifestations of Cushing's syndrome due to fat redistribution, skin thinning, fluid retention, and vasoconstriction. Tremors are not typically associated with this condition.