ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam N300 Exam Day Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is the first person on the scene of a motor vehicle crash. The victim was the driver and is in the driver's seat unconscious. The driver is breathing, has a pulse, and has minor lacerations on the head and face. What action should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stabilizing the cervical spine is crucial to prevent potential spinal cord damage in an unconscious trauma victim, particularly in a motor vehicle accident.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a spinal cord injury (SCI) who is about to be transferred to a wheelchair for Physical Therapy. The patient complains of feeling dizzy and is diaphoretic. What would be the priority nursing action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lowering the head of the bed and obtaining vital signs can help stabilize blood pressure and monitor for orthostatic hypotension, which is common in patients with SCI due to autonomic dysfunction.
Question 3 of 5
A physician prescribes Vancomycin 20 mg/kg intravenous (IV). The patient weighs 110 lbs. The medication is available in vials which contain 500 mg per 8 mL. What should the nurse withdraw from the vial? (round to the nearest whole number)
Correct Answer: 16 mL
Rationale:
To calculate the dosage of Vancomycin, convert the patient's weight to kilograms (110 lbs / 2.2 = 50 kg). Multiply by the prescribed dosage (50 kg * 20 mg/kg = 1000 mg). The vials contain 500 mg per 8 mL, so 1000 mg requires 16 mL (1000 mg / (500 mg/8 mL)).
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving a continuous albuterol nebulizer for an acute asthma attack. Which arterial blood gas result would indicate that the treatment has been effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A pH within the normal range, a PaCO2 within the normal range, and an improved PaO2 level suggest effective treatment for an asthma attack, indicating adequate gas exchange and resolution of respiratory distress.
Question 5 of 5
A patient diagnosed with a seizure disorder tells the nurse that they feel like they have 'butterflies' in their stomach. The patient has felt this in the past before having a seizure. The nurse recognizes that this feeling is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An aura is a perceptual disturbance experienced by some patients with seizure disorders that precedes a seizure. It can manifest as various sensations, including gastrointestinal feelings like 'butterflies,' which serve as a warning sign.