ATI RN
ATI Nur 175 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching a class on bioterrorism. What is the scientific rationale for designating a specific area for decontamination?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Providing a centralized area for stocking the needed supplies is important for logistical reasons, ensuring that all necessary materials are readily available. However, this is not the primary scientific rationale for designating a specific decontamination area. The primary focus is on preventing contamination and ensuring safety. Preventing secondary contamination to health-care providers is the most crucial reason for designating a specific area for decontamination. This measure is vital to avoid spreading hazardous substances to others and ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the decontamination process. By containing the contamination in a controlled area, health-care providers can minimize the risk of exposure and cross-contamination. Designating an area where bioterrorism clients can receive care is important, but it is not the primary rationale for having a specific decontamination area. While care and treatment are critical, the main goal of the decontamination area is to remove contaminants and protect health-care providers and other patients from exposure. Providing showers and privacy to the client in the decontamination area is beneficial for the comfort and dignity of the client. However, this is not the main scientific rationale for having a designated decontamination area. The primary reason is to control and contain contamination and prevent it from spreading.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for an adult client who is scheduled for surgery. The client is competent and neurologically intact. Who would be responsible for signing the informed consent?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The person granted power of attorney for healthcare would be responsible for signing the informed consent only if the client is unable to make decisions for themselves due to incompetence or incapacity. Since the client in this scenario is competent and neurologically intact, the power of attorney is not applicable. The client's emergency contact is not authorized to sign informed consent unless they hold legal power of attorney or the client is incapacitated and unable to make decisions. The emergency contact's primary role is to be contacted in emergency situations, not to make medical decisions on behalf of the client. The legal next of kin would only be responsible for signing the informed consent if the client is not capable of doing so themselves. In this case, the client is competent and neurologically intact, so the next of kin's consent is not needed. The client is responsible for signing the informed consent because they are competent and capable of making their own medical decisions. Informed consent must be obtained from the client directly when they have the capacity to understand and agree to the proposed treatment or procedure.
Question 3 of 5
The charge nurse is planning the staff assignment for the day. Which factors should the nurse consider when planning the assignment? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale:
Choice A reason: The acuity level of the clients is a critical factor to consider when planning staff assignments. Clients with higher acuity levels require more intensive care and monitoring, necessitating a greater allocation of resources and experienced staff. By considering client acuity, the charge nurse can ensure that the most critical patients receive the appropriate level of care and attention, while also balancing the workload among the nursing staff.
Choice B reason: The clustering of the rooms on the unit can significantly impact the efficiency of care delivery. By grouping clients in close proximity, the nurse can minimize the time and effort spent moving between rooms, thus enhancing the ability to respond quickly to client needs. This consideration helps to optimize workflow and improve overall patient care by reducing potential delays.
Choice C reason: Considering both client needs and the staff's needs and abilities ensures that the right personnel are assigned to the appropriate tasks. Matching staff competencies with client requirements maximizes the effectiveness of care delivery. Additionally, taking into account staff preferences and skills can improve job satisfaction and performance, ultimately benefiting the clients.
Choice D reason: The number of anticipated client discharges is an important logistical factor that can affect the day's workflow. Planning for discharges allows the charge nurse to allocate resources for discharge planning, patient education, and follow-up care. It also helps in managing bed availability and preparing for incoming admissions, ensuring a smooth transition for both clients and staff.
Choice E reason: Specific requests from the staff can include preferences for certain shifts, working with particular patients, or avoiding specific tasks. While it may not always be possible to accommodate all requests, considering them when feasible can improve staff morale and cooperation. Addressing staff preferences helps to create a positive work environment, leading to better teamwork and patient outcomes.
Question 4 of 5
Which client is at the highest risk for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Older, single women are at higher risk due to isolation and health issues.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic respiratory acidosis due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect with this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic respiratory acidosis results from COâ‚‚ retention, which can lead to cerebral vasodilation and altered mental status, manifesting as delirium.