ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 9 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is providing care for a client with a recent transverse colostomy. Which observation requires immediate notification of the primary health care provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reason: Soft pasty stool is normal for a transverse colostomy, as the stool has not reached the sigmoid colon where most of the water is absorbed. Reason: This is the correct answer because purple discoloration of the stoma indicates ischemia or necrosis, which can lead to infection, perforation, or sepsis. It requires urgent intervention. Reason: Stoma is beefy red is a normal finding for a healthy stoma, as it indicates adequate blood supply and healing. Reason: There is skin excoriation around the stoma is a common complication of a colostomy, as the stool can irritate the skin. It can be managed with proper skin care and appliance fitting.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has meningitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A throbbing headache is a common symptom of meningitis due to increased intracranial pressure and meningeal irritation. Inability to read suggests a stroke or brain tumor, bruising around the eyes suggests a skull fracture, and a heart rate of 50 suggests bradycardia, none of which are typical for meningitis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse immediately report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A change in the Glasgow Coma Scale score from 14 to 10 indicates a deterioration in neurological status, potentially due to increased intracranial pressure, requiring immediate reporting to the provider.
Question 4 of 5
The client inquires what the positive result from the potassium hydroxide (KOH) test indicates. Which of the following is an accurate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A positive KOH test indicates a fungal infection, as it reveals fungal elements under a microscope.
Question 5 of 5
The physician suspects a client has a dermatological infection. Which of the following diagnostics will be ordered to observe color changes to the skin using an ultraviolet light source?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Culture is not a diagnostic test that uses an ultraviolet light source, but a laboratory test that involves growing microorganisms from a sample of body fluid or tissue. Culture can help identify the type and sensitivity of the infection-causing agent. KOH is not a diagnostic test that uses an ultraviolet light source, but a chemical test that involves applying potassium hydroxide to a sample of skin, hair, or nail. KOH can help diagnose fungal infections by dissolving the keratin and revealing the fungal elements under a microscope. Diascopy is not a diagnostic test that uses an ultraviolet light source, but a physical test that involves applying pressure to a lesion with a glass slide or lens. Diascopy can help differentiate between blanchable and non-blanchable lesions, such as erythema or petechiae. Wood's is a diagnostic test that uses an ultraviolet light source, also known as a Wood's lamp or black light. Wood's can help observe color changes to the skin that are not visible under normal light, such as fluorescence or hypopigmentation. Wood's can help diagnose conditions such as tinea capitis, vitiligo, or erythrasma.