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ATI N200 Med Surg Exam Questions

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Question 1 of 5

A client in the beginning stages of an asthma attack has arterial blood gases that reveal the following results: pH 7.51, PaCO2 28 mmHg, PaO2 75 mmHg, O2 saturation 92%, HCO3 24 mEq/L. The nurse interprets this blood gas result as:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Elevated pH and low PaCO2 (
C) indicate respiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation. Metabolic alkalosis (
A), metabolic acidosis (
B), and respiratory acidosis (
D) don't match.

Question 2 of 5

A client is diagnosed with asthma. The therapeutic regimen using metered dose inhalers includes albuterol 2 puffs and beclomethasone 2 puffs. The nursing plan of care must include teaching regarding:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rinsing after beclomethasone (
B) prevents oral thrush. Coughing (
A) isn't needed, beclomethasone is regular (
C), and albuterol goes first (
D).

Question 3 of 5

A client returns to the unit after undergoing a total hip replacement with a cemented prosthesis. Which order should the nurse anticipate regarding weight bearing status?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Full weight bearing is often allowed immediately after surgery with a cemented prosthesis to facilitate early mobility.
Toe touch weight bearing is typically reserved for certain types of hip surgeries, not cemented prostheses. Non-weight bearing is usually for surgeries with significant healing time required for the bone. Partial weight bearing may be prescribed in some cases but is less common with cemented prostheses.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse is preparing to teach a client how to effectively perform pursed-lip breathing. The nurse would include which intervention in the teaching?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Exhaling slowly through pursed lips (
D) improves ventilation. Quick exhalation (
A), huff inhalation (
B), and pursed-lip inhalation (
C) are incorrect.

Question 5 of 5

What information would be important for the nurse to reinforce when teaching a pre-operative client about the correct use of the patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) device to achieve the best outcome?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Pressing PCA when pain begins (
D) prevents severe pain. Delaying (
A), others pressing (
B), or routine pressing (
C) risks inadequate/excessive dosing.

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