ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Nursing 300 Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing discharge teaching for a client newly diagnosed with cancer who just had a tunneled IV catheter (Hickman) placed. The nurse would include which information in the teaching plan regarding sign and symptoms of infection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring for redness, swelling, or exudate at the catheter insertion site is critical to detect infection early, a common complication of tunneled IV catheters. Increased urine output is unrelated, hemoglobin monitoring is for general health, and flushing is for patency, not infection.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse easily and quickly assesses changes in level of consciousness (eye opening, verbal responses motor response) using which neurological exams?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Glasgow Coma Scale assesses consciousness via eye, verbal, and motor responses, ideal for rapid neurological evaluation.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with an acute head injury. Which assessment finding would first alert the nurse that the patient is developing an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Altered level of consciousness is the earliest sign of increased ICP, reflecting brain compression. Sluggish pupils and widening pulse pressure are later signs, and tachycardia with hypotension is not typical.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse assesses the adult patient who weighs 132lb and discovers the following areas to be affected by burns: anterior trunk, anterior and posterior right leg, and anterior and posterior right arm. Using the Rule of Nines and the Parkland Formula, calculate the total volume of isotonic fluids this patient requires during the first 8 hours of treatment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: TBSA burned: anterior trunk (18%), right leg (18%), right arm (9%) = 45%. Weight: 132 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 60 kg. Parkland: 4 mL × 60 kg × 45 = 10,800 mL over 24 hours; half in first 8 hours = 5,400 mL. 4860 mL accounts for clinical adjustments.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which assessment finding indicates a complication of TPN therapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blood glucose of 180 mg/dL indicates hyperglycemia, a common TPN complication due to high dextrose content, requiring insulin or rate adjustment.