ATI RN
ATI Med Surg N241 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing a community presentation about hepatitis B virus (HBV). Which information should be included in the teaching session?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: HBV can be transmitted from an infected mother to her child during childbirth. The importance of screening and vaccination should be emphasized. While important for general health, this is not specifically related to the transmission of HBV, which is primarily spread through blood and bodily fluids. These are not typical symptoms of HBV; common symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, and abdominal pain. History of gallstones is not a risk factor for HBV.
Question 2 of 5
An adult client is admitted to the emergency department with symptoms of acute pancreatitis. Which data support this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: These symptoms are more indicative of chronic conditions. These are not specific to acute pancreatitis. Elevated lipase and Turner's sign (bruising around the flanks) strongly suggest acute pancreatitis. Amylase within normal limits and steatorrhea do not support acute pancreatitis.
Question 3 of 5
A client with cirrhosis has the following laboratory results: albumin 4.9 g/dl. (3.5-5 g/dL), PT 13 seconds (11-12.5 sec), and serum ammonia 68 mcg/dL (15-45 mcg/dL). Based on this information, what is the nurse's next action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated serum ammonia levels can lead to hepatic encephalopathy, which affects mental status and consciousness, making this the priority assessment. The PT is slightly prolonged but not alarmingly high; bleeding is less of a concern compared to the elevated ammonia. This action is important in assessing fluid accumulation but is not as critical as assessing mental status in this scenario. While part of a comprehensive abdominal assessment, this is not the most critical action given the elevated ammonia level.
Question 4 of 5
When reviewing a client's health history, which information does the nurse identify as a risk factor for development of chronic pancreatitis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chronic and excessive alcohol consumption is a well-established risk factor for the development of chronic pancreatitis. While contributing to other health issues, it is not directly linked to chronic pancreatitis. Smoking is a risk factor, but alcohol abuse is more significantly associated with chronic pancreatitis. Although it contributes to various health problems, it is not as directly linked to chronic pancreatitis as alcohol abuse.
Question 5 of 5
A client with cirrhosis has the following current assessment data: jaundice, decreased appetite, hemoglobin 15 g/dL (14-18 g/dL) and PT of 20.6 seconds (11-12.5 sec). What does the nurse identify as the priority problem for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cirrhosis can lead to coagulopathy due to impaired synthesis of clotting factors by the liver, putting the client at high risk for bleeding. While clients with cirrhosis may experience fatigue, it is not the priority problem indicated by the assessment data provided. Decreased appetite and jaundice may affect nutritional status, but they do not pose an immediate threat compared to the risk of bleeding. Jaundice can lead to pruritus and increased risk of skin breakdown, but it is not the priority problem indicated by the assessment data provided.