ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam N300 Exam Day Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for several patients with eye disorders. Which assessment finding correlates with each diagnosis? Note: each column must have one response option selected.
| Options | Loss of central vision | Loss of peripheral vision | Blurry vision | Gradual loss of visual acuity with age |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Macular degeneration: Loss of central vision | ||||
| Presbyopia: Gradual loss of visual acuity with age | ||||
| Glaucoma: Loss of peripheral vision | ||||
| Cataracts: Blurry vision |
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Macular degeneration leads to loss of central vision due to macula damage. Presbyopia is an age-related condition causing gradual loss of near visual acuity. Glaucoma causes loss of peripheral vision due to optic nerve damage. Cataracts cause blurry vision due to lens clouding.
Question 2 of 5
The patient who is diagnosed with a seizure disorder is prescribed a ketogenic diet. The nurse knows that the patient understands the teaching when they state, 'My diet will include:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The ketogenic diet consists of high fat and low carbohydrates, which helps to manage seizure activity by altering the brain's energy source to ketones rather than glucose.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a spinal cord injury who has a flaccid or atonic bladder. The nurse would provide discharge education to the patient and family regarding which bladder management technique?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intermittent catheterization is the preferred management technique for a flaccid or atonic bladder, allowing the bladder to empty at regular intervals and reducing the risk of infection associated with continuous catheters.
Question 4 of 5
A physician prescribes clindamycin 10 mg/kg/day IV in two divided doses for respiratory tract infection. The medication is supplied 150 mg/mL. The patient weighs 88 lbs. How much will the nurse administer per dose? (round to the nearest tenth)
Correct Answer: 1.3 mL
Rationale:
To calculate the dosage of clindamycin, first convert the patient's weight from pounds to kilograms (88 lbs / 2.2 = 40 kg). The prescribed dose is 10 mg/kg/day, so the patient requires 400 mg/day (10 mg/kg * 40 kg). Since the medication is administered in two divided doses, each dose is 200 mg. The medication is supplied at 150 mg/mL, so 200 mg / 150 mg/mL = 1.33 mL, rounded to 1.3 mL per dose.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient immediately after a spinal cord injury between T7-T8 vertebrae. The patient displays the following symptoms: absent reflexes, flaccidity, loss of sensation below the level of injury, bradycardia, and hypotension. These are signs of which condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Neurogenic shock occurs in spinal cord injuries above T6 and is characterized by hypotension, bradycardia, and loss of sympathetic tone below the level of injury. This condition results from disruption of autonomic pathways.