ATI RN
ATI n200 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has sustained multiple injuries, including a fractured pelvis and femur. Two days later, the client becomes restless and confused. The nurse notes petechiae on the client's neck and chest. The nurse should expect which physician order?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Enzymatic medications are not relevant to this condition. Oxygen therapy is critical as these symptoms suggest fat embolism syndrome, which impairs oxygenation. Anticoagulation therapy is not appropriate for fat embolism syndrome, which differs from thromboembolism. Physical therapy is not an immediate intervention for this acute condition.
Question 2 of 5
A client who receives an antihypertensive medication daily is NPO except medications for surgery. The most recent blood pressure recording is 174/88. What action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Administering antihypertensive (
D) addresses high blood pressure. Notifying (
A), documenting (
B), and relaxation (
C) are secondary.
Question 3 of 5
A client with arthritis is prescribed ibuprofen 800 mg PO TID for pain reduction in the knee. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following side effects to the physician? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Blood in stools: This could indicate gastrointestinal bleeding, a serious side effect of NSAIDs like ibuprofen. Peripheral edema: NSAIDs can cause fluid retention and lead to peripheral edema. Heartburn: Heartburn is a common side effect of NSAIDs due to their gastrointestinal irritation. A cold: This is not related to NSAID use and is not a side effect. Thickened fingernails: This is unrelated to ibuprofen use.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for aspirin to treat rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse should include to monitor for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Constipation is not a common side effect of aspirin. Insomnia is not typically associated with aspirin. Aspirin can cause gastrointestinal bleeding and increase bleeding risk due to its antiplatelet effects. Blurred vision is not a common adverse effect of aspirin.
Question 5 of 5
A client is admitted at 0700 with severe dehydration. The doctor orders D5W to run at 150 ml/hr. The client is ordered an IVPB antibiotic every 4 hours, that will be administered in 50 ml of IV fluid over 1 hour. The antibiotic is scheduled to start at 0800. The client is permitted liquids and takes the following: 4 oz gelatin 10 oz apple juice 500 ml of water 16 oz of ice chips which is consumed by the end of the shift Urine output is as follows: At 0900: 100 mL 1100: 250 mL 1330: 290 mL 1445: 250 ml At 1200, the client had 300 mL of a diarrhea stool. Calculate the cumulative fluid balance for the 0700-1500 shift.
Correct Answer: 1270 mL
Rationale: Intake: IV Fluids: D5W: 150 ml/hr from 0700 to 1500 (8 hours) = 150 ml/hr * 8 hr = 1200 ml. Antibiotic: 50 ml every 4 hours, starting at 0800. So, it will be administered at 0800 and 1200 = 50 ml * 2 = 100 ml. Oral Intake: Gelatin: 4 oz = 4 * 30 ml = 120 ml. Apple Juice: 10 oz = 10 * 30 ml = 300 ml. Water: 500 ml. Ice Chips: 16 oz (since ice chips are half liquid) = 16 * 30 ml / 2 = 240 ml.
Total Intake: 1200 ml (D5W) + 100 ml (Antibiotic) + 120 ml (Gelatin) + 300 ml (Apple Juice) + 500 ml (Water) + 240 ml (Ice Chips) = 2460 ml. Output: Urine Output: 0900: 100 ml, 1100: 250 ml, 1330: 290 ml, 1445: 250 ml. Diarrhea Stool: 1200: 300 ml.
Total Output: 100 ml + 250 ml + 290 ml + 250 ml + 300 ml = 1190 ml. Cumulative Fluid Balance: Intake - Output: 2460 ml - 1190 ml = 1270 ml. So, the cumulative fluid balance for the 0700-1500 shift is +1270 ml.