ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical 2 Final 2024 Assessment Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has prostate cancer. Which of the following manifestations does the nurse attribute to the advancing disease process?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blood in the urine (hematuria) or semen (hematospermia) can be a sign of advanced prostate cancer. This symptom occurs when the cancer affects the urinary or reproductive tracts, causing bleeding. It is a direct result of the tumor invading nearby tissues or structures. While anemia can be associated with chronic diseases like cancer, it is not a direct manifestation of the advancing disease process of prostate cancer. Anemia in cancer patients is often multifactorial, including chronic inflammation, nutritional deficiencies, or treatment-related side effects. A dark-colored or elevated lesion is not typically associated with prostate cancer. Such lesions are more commonly related to skin cancers or other dermatological conditions. An enlarged liver or gallbladder can be a sign of metastasis in advanced cancer cases, including prostate cancer. However, it is less specific than blood in the urine or semen and can be caused by a variety of other conditions.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is planning preoperative care for a client who has a fractured wrist. Which of the following should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Preoperative diazepam reduces anxiety and facilitates anesthesia induction, appropriate for wrist fracture surgery.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is menopausal and asks the nurse about the use of herbal therapies to reduce her discomfort. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Many herbal products lack long-term safety and efficacy testing, a critical point for informed use.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Finasteride, a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, reduces prostate growth in BPH by inhibiting DHT production. Danazol, methyltestosterone, and fluoxymesterone are androgens that could worsen BPH symptoms and are not indicated.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about limiting foods that are high in potassium. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Raisins, bananas, and tomatoes are high in potassium and should be avoided by clients with chronic kidney disease to prevent hyperkalemia. Asparagus and green beans are lower-potassium foods and can be included in a kidney-friendly diet in appropriate portions.