ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The emergency room nurse is caring for a patient with severe burns knows that the priority immediate intervention is which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Stop the burning process. This is the priority immediate intervention for a patient with severe burns because stopping the burning process helps prevent further tissue damage. It involves removing the patient from the source of the burn, extinguishing any flames, and cooling the burn with water. This action is crucial in minimizing the extent of the injury and improving outcomes.
A: Covering the burns to prevent infection is important but not the immediate priority.
B: Providing anti-inflammatory medication can be considered later but is not the primary immediate intervention.
D: Providing anti-cyanide medication is not relevant for severe burns.
Question 2 of 5
A 15-year-old with type 1 diabetes mellitus presents with a fever and 48-hour history of vomiting. As the nurse, you note the child's breath has a fruity odour, his breathing is deep and rapid, and mom states he has become less arousable. You recognize these are the signs of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DK
A). The fruity odor of breath, deep and rapid breathing (Kussmaul breathing), and altered mental status are classic signs of DKA. In DKA, the body produces excess ketones due to lack of insulin, leading to metabolic acidosis. Acute Hypoglycemia (
A) presents with low blood sugar levels, not high as in DKA. Hyperglycemia (
C) is a general term for high blood sugar without the specific ketone production seen in DKA. Polydipsia (
D) refers to excessive thirst, not the symptoms described in the scenario.
Question 3 of 5
Congenital heart defects are classified as all of the following? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Congenital heart defects can be classified based on pathophysiology. A: Mixed defects involve combination of two types of abnormalities, B: Obstruction defects involve narrowing/blockage in blood flow, and C: Decreased pulmonary blood flow includes defects leading to decreased blood flow to lungs. D: Acquired defects result from external factors and not present at birth. E, F, G are not applicable as no information is provided. Thus, A, B, C are correct based on classification of congenital heart defects.
Question 4 of 5
Which explanation regarding cardiac catheterization is appropriate for a preschool child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because preschool children may not fully understand the importance of keeping still after cardiac catheterization. Keeping the leg straight helps prevent bleeding at the insertion site.
Choice A is incorrect as postural drainage is not related to cardiac catheterization.
Choice B is incorrect as sedation, not complete sleep, is usually used.
Choice C is incorrect as the procedure can take longer than an hour.
Question 5 of 5
When educating the parents of a child with growth hormone deficiency, the following statement made by the parents would indicate the need for further teaching:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Hormone replacement therapy is not likely to be successful. This statement indicates a misunderstanding as hormone replacement therapy is the main treatment for growth hormone deficiency. It helps to normalize growth and development. The other choices are incorrect: A is correct as growth hormone deficiency can lead to insulin sensitivity; C is correct as the condition is typically caused by diminished pituitary function; D is correct as daily injections are often necessary for growth hormone replacement therapy.