ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 9 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient with a head injury opens his eyes to verbal stimulation, shouts out when stimulated, and does not respond to a verbal command to move but attempts to push away a painful stimulus. How would the nurse record the patient's Glasgow Coma Scale score?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Glasgow Coma Scale score is 9: eye opening to verbal stimulation (3), shouting/confused speech (4), and withdrawing from pain (2). Scores of 11, 13, or 15 require higher responses in motor, verbal, or eye opening categories.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has a suspected diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administering antibiotics is the priority for bacterial meningitis to prevent complications and death. Other actions are supportive but not as urgent.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse educator asks the student nurse to explain the most common causes of blindness in the United States. Which of the following options will the student nurse select as one of the top causes of blindness?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diabetic retinopathy, affecting 4.1 million adults, damages retinal blood vessels, causing vision loss, and is a top cause of blindness (
Choice
D). Head trauma can cause vision loss but is not a top cause (
Choice
A). Cardiovascular disease is a risk factor, not a direct cause (
Choice
B). Syphilis is a rare cause of blindness (
Choice
C).
Question 4 of 5
When assessing a client diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma, which of the following findings will the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Basal cell carcinoma typically presents as a small, scaly, dry lesion that may bleed or crust, often in sun-exposed areas like the elbow.
Question 5 of 5
The physician suspects a client has a dermatological infection. Which of the following diagnostics will be ordered to observe color changes to the skin using an ultraviolet light source?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Culture is not a diagnostic test that uses an ultraviolet light source, but a laboratory test that involves growing microorganisms from a sample of body fluid or tissue. Culture can help identify the type and sensitivity of the infection-causing agent. KOH is not a diagnostic test that uses an ultraviolet light source, but a chemical test that involves applying potassium hydroxide to a sample of skin, hair, or nail. KOH can help diagnose fungal infections by dissolving the keratin and revealing the fungal elements under a microscope. Diascopy is not a diagnostic test that uses an ultraviolet light source, but a physical test that involves applying pressure to a lesion with a glass slide or lens. Diascopy can help differentiate between blanchable and non-blanchable lesions, such as erythema or petechiae. Wood's is a diagnostic test that uses an ultraviolet light source, also known as a Wood's lamp or black light. Wood's can help observe color changes to the skin that are not visible under normal light, such as fluorescence or hypopigmentation. Wood's can help diagnose conditions such as tinea capitis, vitiligo, or erythrasma.