ATI RN
ATI Nur285 Med Surg Fall Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient who has undergone an esophagectomy for esophageal cancer develops increasing pain, fever, and dyspnea when a full liquid diet is started postoperatively. The nurse recognizes that these symptoms are most indicative of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Esophageal perforation with fistula formation causes pain, fever, and dyspnea due to leakage into the pleural space or lungs.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer 1,000 mL of lactated Ringer's IV over 6 hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 10 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drip rate (gtt/min) = (
Total volume (mL) × Drop factor (gtt/mL)) /
Total minutes = (1000 mL × 10 gtt/mL) / 360 minutes ‰ˆ 28 gtt/min.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a peptic ulcer. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a risk factor for this condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NSAID use is a well-established risk factor for peptic ulcers. NSAIDs inhibit the production of prostaglandins, which protect the stomach lining from acid damage. Chronic use of NSAIDs can lead to ulcer formation due to this inhibition.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is being treated for bleeding esophageal varices with balloon tamponade. Which of the following nursing actions will the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring vital signs frequently is critical in patients with bleeding esophageal varices, as they are at risk for hypovolemic shock. Vital signs should be monitored closely to assess for signs of bleeding, hemodynamic instability, and response to interventions.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching student nurses about different types of medical conditions that affect the gastrointestinal system, when a student asks her about the cause of esophageal varices. What is an appropriate answer by the nurse when asked about a potential cause of esophageal varices?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chronic liver disease, particularly cirrhosis, causes portal hypertension, leading to engorged esophageal veins and varices.