ATI RN
ATI EW N300 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient presents to the emergency department with a cervical spinal cord injury immediately after a motor vehicle accident. What should the nurse explain to the family as the reason for the patient being placed on mechanical ventilation? The:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cervical injuries at or above C3 disrupt the phrenic nerve, impairing diaphragm control, necessitating ventilation.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse in the rehabilitation unit is caring for a patient with a chronic head injury. During assessment, the nurse holds up a pen and asks the patient to identify the object. The patient replies, 'It's a key.' When considering the patient's response, which part of the brain is involved in injury?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The temporal lobe processes object recognition; injury causes errors like misidentifying a pen as a key.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a prescription for digoxin 225 mcg PO daily. Available is digoxin PO 0.50 mg/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose?
Correct Answer: 0.1 tablets
Rationale: Convert 225 mcg to 0.225 mg, then divide by 0.50 mg/tablet to get 0.1 tablets.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is prescribed metoprolol in the treatment of stable angina. What is the best outcome measure of decreased cardiac workload due to metoprolol for the nurse to evaluate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metoprolol decreases cardiac workload by reducing heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand. A heart rate of 62 is within normal limits, demonstrating effective beta-blocker action.
Question 5 of 5
To decrease intraocular pressure following cataract surgery, the nurse should instruct the client to avoid:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Coughing increases intraocular pressure due to abrupt pressure changes, which can cause complications after cataract surgery.