ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Nursing Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient has been admitted with dehydration and is prescribed IV fluids and medications. Over a 12-hour shift, the following intake and output data are recorded: Intake: 1,000 mL of lactated Ringer's administered via IV over 8 hours. 250 mL of an antibiotic infusion. The patient drank 3 cups of water (1 cup = 240 mL). Output: Urine output was 1,200 mL. The patient vomited 300 mL. Wound drainage amounted to 150 mL. Calculate the net fluid balance.
Correct Answer: 320 mL
Rationale: The net fluid balance is +320 mL, calculated as total intake (1,970 mL) minus total output (1,650 mL).
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is educating a patient diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome about non-surgical management options. Which of the following interventions are appropriate to include in the patient's care plan? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D,G
Rationale: NSAIDs, ergonomic adjustments, wrist splinting, and corticosteroid injections are effective non-surgical options for managing carpal tunnel syndrome.
Question 3 of 5
A 45-year-old patient presents to the emergency department with epigastric pain, nausea, and occasional vomiting. The patient's history reveals chronic NSAID use for osteoarthritis. Laboratory tests indicate normal liver function but show the presence of Helicobacter pylori antibodies. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chronic gastritis due to Helicobacter pylori infection is the most likely diagnosis, given the presence of H. pylori antibodies and NSAID use.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has diarrhea. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hypokalemia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Muscle weakness is a classic sign of hypokalemia because potassium is essential for proper muscle function, and low levels can impair contraction.
Question 5 of 5
A 60-year-old patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease is admitted to the hospital with complaints of coffee-ground emesis and melena. What is the nurse's most appropriate initial action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Initiating IV access and administering fluids is essential to stabilize the patient and manage potential blood loss from gastrointestinal bleeding.