ATI RN
ATI Capstone Exam 2 Final Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a newborn’s parent to care for the umbilical cord stump. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Give a sponge bath until the cord stump falls off. This instruction is correct because keeping the cord stump dry and clean helps prevent infection. Washing the cord daily with soap and water (choice
A) can actually increase the risk of infection. Applying petroleum jelly (choice
B) can also trap moisture and lead to infection. Covering the cord with a diaper (choice
C) can create a moist environment ideal for bacterial growth. Giving a sponge bath (choice
D) avoids submerging the stump in water, reducing infection risk.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse on a medical unit is planning care for an older adult client who takes several medications. Which of the following prescribed medications places the client at risk for orthostatic hypotension?
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: The correct answer is A, D, and E. Lisinopril (
A) is an ACE inhibitor known to cause orthostatic hypotension. Furosemide (
D) is a loop diuretic that can lead to fluid loss and subsequent hypotension. Doxazosin (E) is an alpha-blocker that can cause vasodilation, leading to orthostatic hypotension in older adults. Clopidogrel (
B) is an antiplatelet agent and Atorvastatin (
C) is a statin, which are not typically associated with orthostatic hypotension in older adults.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching about dietary recommendations to a client who has iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse include as a food that enhances iron absorption when consumed with nonheme iron?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D:
Tomato juice.
Tomato juice contains vitamin C, which enhances the absorption of nonheme iron. Vitamin C helps to convert nonheme iron into a more absorbable form, increasing the body's ability to take in iron from plant-based sources. Tea (
A) contains compounds that can inhibit iron absorption. Dried beans (
B) contain phytates that can reduce iron absorption. Milk (
C) contains calcium which can inhibit iron absorption.
Therefore, the best recommendation for enhancing iron absorption when consuming nonheme iron is to include foods rich in vitamin C, such as tomato juice.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer clindamycin by intermittent IV bolus over 30 minutes to a client who has a staphylococcal infection. Available is 300 mg clindamycin premixed in 50 mL 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl). The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr?
Correct Answer: 100
Rationale: The correct answer is 100 mL/hr.
To calculate the rate, we first determine the total volume to be infused over 30 minutes (50 mL).
Then, we convert 30 minutes to hours (0.5 hours). Finally, we divide the total volume by the time in hours (50 mL / 0.5 hr = 100 mL/hr). This rate ensures the clindamycin is administered safely and effectively. Other choices are incorrect because they do not align with the calculated infusion rate based on the medication concentration and administration time.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a 6-month-old infant. Prior to administering the dose, the nurse measures the apical heart rate. The nurse should withhold the dose if the infant’s apical heart rate is less than what rate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 90 bpm. For infants, a normal heart rate is typically around 120-160 bpm. However, the threshold for administering digoxin is usually set at a lower rate to prevent toxicity. If the infant's heart rate is below 90 bpm, it may indicate bradycardia, which is a contraindication for digoxin administration as it can further slow down the heart rate and lead to serious complications.
Therefore, withholding the dose is crucial to prevent harm to the infant.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they are higher heart rates and would not be the threshold for withholding the dose.