ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about limiting foods that are high in potassium. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Raisins, bananas, and tomatoes are high in potassium, risking hyperkalemia. Asparagus and green beans are low-potassium options.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease and a new prescription for epoetin alfa. The nurse should instruct the client to increase dietary intake of which of the following substances?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Iron supports red blood cell production with epoetin alfa. Sodium, potassium, and protein need careful management in CKD.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and reports having shortness of breath and swelling in his lower extremities. Upon assessment, the nurse notes the client has crackles in his lungs and an elevated blood pressure. The nurse should suspect which of the following based on the client's manifestations?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shortness of breath, swelling, crackles, and high blood pressure indicate hypervolemia (fluid overload). Hyperkalemia, hypovolemia, and hyponatremia present differently.
Question 4 of 5
A client who has low back pain reports that they are unable to void. The nurse notices a distended bladder on assessment. Which of the following is the likely cause of this client's low back pain?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A distended bladder from urinary retention causes low back pain. Stress fractures, nerve root pain, and renal cancer are less likely causes.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse manager at a skilled nursing facility has noticed an increase in urinary tract infections (UTIs) by 12% in the past year. In an e?ort to decrease this rate, which of the following should the nurse manager teach the nursing staff? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Front-to-back wiping (
A), early catheter removal (
B), completing antibiotics (
C), regular voiding (
D), and fluid intake (E) reduce UTI risk.