ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who will have blood sampling for serum creatinine level and asks what this test shows. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Serum creatinine assesses kidney function by measuring filtration efficiency. Other options are less accurate or dismissive.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has nephrotic syndrome and is receiving high-dose corticosteroid therapy. For which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Corticosteroids increase potassium excretion, risking hypokalemia. Hyperkalemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypermagnesemia are less likely.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has polycystic kidney disease (PKD). The client is admited to the hospital for renal calculi and reports that their abdomen has been getting bigger. Which of the following statements by the nurse is the best explanation for the increase in abdominal girth?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In PKD, growing cysts enlarge the kidneys, increasing abdominal girth. Infections, stones, or inflammation do not primarily cause this.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who reports to the clinic for laboratory tests. The client has an acute kidney injury caused by acute tubular necrosis and asks why their glomerular filtration rate (GFR) keeps decreasing. Which of the following pathophysiological changes occurring in the kidney should the nurse explain as the cause of the decrease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In acute tubular necrosis, tubular cell injury impairs reabsorption, reducing GFR. Obstruction, inflammation, and reduced blood flow are less primary causes.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas values of a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following sets of values should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metabolic acidosis (pH 7.25, HCO3- 19) is expected in CKD due to acid accumulation. Other sets indicate respiratory or metabolic alkalosis.