ATI RN
ATI RN Medical Surgical 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has AIDS and wishes to continue self-care at home despite living alone. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates client advocacy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Referring to a home health agency supports the client's desire for self-care by providing professional assistance, advocating for independence. Other actions provide advice but don't address ongoing support needs.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a contusion of the brainstem and reports thirst. The client's urinary output was 4,000 mL over the past 24 hr. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following IV medications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Excessive thirst and high urinary output suggest diabetes insipidus from brainstem injury affecting antidiuretic hormone. Desmopressin replaces this hormone, reducing urine output. Other medications address unrelated conditions like shock, hypertension, or edema.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is completing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of AIDS. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Wearing gloves and handwashing when changing litter prevents toxoplasmosis, a risk in AIDS due to immunosuppression. Alcohol is insufficient for body fluids, dry cleaning isn't needed, and diet alone doesn't address infection risk.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative following insertion of an arteriovenous graft in their left forearm. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Checking the distal pulse ensures graft patency and adequate circulation. Keeping the arm elevated reduces swelling, blood draws from the graft risk damage, and splinting is unnecessary unless mobility is impaired.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has acute heart failure and received morphine IV 30 min ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the medication was effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Morphine in heart failure reduces preload and anxiety, improving comfort. Decreased anxiety indicates effectiveness. Vomiting, increased respiratory rate, or low urine output suggest other issues, not therapeutic response.