ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical 2 Final 2024 Assessment Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a pelvic fracture about the manifestations of fat embolism syndrome. The nurse should include which of the following findings as an early manifestation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tachypnea, or rapid breathing, is an early manifestation of fat embolism syndrome. This condition occurs when fat globules are released into the bloodstream, often following a fracture, and can obstruct pulmonary vessels, leading to respiratory distress. Tachypnea is a critical early sign as the body attempts to compensate for reduced oxygenation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who reports shoulder pain. Which of the following findings by the nurse indicates a rotator cuff injury?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The inability to abduct the arm at the shoulder is a classic sign of a rotator cuff injury. The rotator cuff is responsible for stabilizing the shoulder joint and aiding in various movements, including abduction. When there is a tear or significant weakness in the rotator cuff muscles, especially the supraspinatus muscle, the patient may be unable to lift the arm away from the body or may experience pain while doing so. A negative drop arm test would actually indicate that there is no rotator cuff injury. The drop arm test is performed by asking the patient to fully abduct the arm to 90 degrees and then slowly lower it. If the patient can control the motion and lower the arm smoothly, the test is negative. A positive drop arm test, where the patient cannot control the descent of the arm, would suggest a rotator cuff tear. While an alteration in the contour of the joint may indicate some form of shoulder pathology, it is not specific to a rotator cuff injury. Changes in the contour could be due to various conditions, including dislocation, arthritis, or other musculoskeletal disorders. A positive Tinel's sign is used to diagnose nerve compression or nerve damage, not rotator cuff injuries. It is performed by tapping over the course of a nerve to elicit a tingling sensation or pain in the distribution of the nerve. This sign is commonly associated with conditions like carpal tunnel syndrome.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who is 2 hours postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The client is receiving continuous bladder irrigation. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is common for clients to feel a constant urge to void due to bladder irritation from the catheter and continuous bladder irrigation. Reminding the client that this is normal can alleviate anxiety.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is planning preoperative care for a client who has a fractured wrist. Which of the following should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Preoperative diazepam reduces anxiety and facilitates anesthesia induction, appropriate for wrist fracture surgery.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a group of teenage clients about the use of condoms for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Female condoms are effective in preventing the transmission of sexually transmitted viruses, including HIV, by acting as a barrier to prevent the exchange of bodily fluids during sexual activity. This information empowers individuals with an additional option for protection.