ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Comprehensive Exam Questions
Extract:
Medical History
Client reports an injury to their right ribs after falling 6 feet from a ladder. Client reports pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10 over the right lower rib cage with ecchymosis. Client is dyspneic and respirations are shallow. Client states, It's hard for me to breathe.
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate for a client who has a pneumothorax?
| Options | Anticipated | Non-essential | Contraindicated |
|---|---|---|---|
| Obtain intravenous access | |||
| Thoracentesis | |||
| Prepare for insertion of a chest tube | |||
| Obtain ABGs (Arterial Blood Gases) | |||
| Computed tomography of the chest | |||
| Pulmonary function tests |
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Obtaining IV access, preparing for a chest tube, and obtaining ABGs are anticipated for a pneumothorax to provide emergency access, remove air from the pleural space, and assess respiratory status. Thoracentesis and pulmonary function tests are contraindicated, and a CT scan is non-essential.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who receives furosemide to treat heart failure. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor for this client due to this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Potassium is the primary laboratory value to monitor when a client is on furosemide, a loop diuretic. Furosemide increases the excretion of potassium, which can lead to hypokalemia. This can cause serious cardiac and muscular complications, so regular monitoring of potassium levels is crucial.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes insipidus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dehydration is a common finding in diabetes insipidus. The condition causes excessive urination (polyuria) due to a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or resistance to it, leading to a significant loss of water and subsequent dehydration if fluid intake is not sufficient to compensate.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. The nurse should recognize that which of the following are manifestations of Cushing's syndrome? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Moon face, purple striations, hypertension, and buffalo hump are classic manifestations of Cushing's syndrome due to fat redistribution, skin thinning, fluid retention, and vasoconstriction. Tremors are not typically associated with this condition.
Question 5 of 5
A client who has a history of myocardial infarction (MI) is prescribed aspirin 325 mg. The nurse recognizes that the aspirin is given due to which of the following actions of the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aspirin acts as an antiplatelet aggregate, which is its key action in preventing the formation of blood clots. This is crucial for patients with a history of MI, as it helps reduce the risk of further clot-related events, such as a recurrent MI or stroke.