ATI RN
ATI RN VATI Fundamentals S 2019 Final Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the ABG results for a client. The client's results are pH 7.47,PaCO2 30 mm Hg HCO3 25 mEq/L,and SaO2 90%. The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing which of the following acid-base imbalances?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metabolic alkalosis is indicated by elevated pH (7.47) and normal-to-elevated HCO3 (25 mEq/L) with PaCO2 (30 mm Hg) slightly low as compensation. Metabolic acidosis has low pH and HCO3 respiratory acidosis has high PaCO2 and respiratory alkalosis has low PaCO2 with high pH.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has Alzheimer's disease and appears anxious. The client asks the nurse to stay at their bedside. Which of the following responses should the nurse make to reduce the client's anxiety?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Discussing past memories redirects the client’s focus from anxiety providing comfort. Inquiring about family delaying the conversation or asking why they’re anxious may escalate anxiety or dismiss the client’s immediate needs.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to transfer a client who weighs 136 kg (300 lb) from a bed to a stretcher with the aid of an assistive personnel (AP). Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An air-assisted transfer device reduces friction and strain for heavy clients ensuring safety. Slider boards are less effective for 136 kg bed height adjustment is insufficient and head positioning is irrelevant to the transfer.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching pursed-lip breathing to a client who has COPD. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Exhaling slowly through pursed lips creates backpressure keeping airways open and improving oxygen exchange in COPD. Lying down restricts lung expansion inhaling through pursed lips is incorrect and puffing cheeks is ineffective.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is inserting an NG tube for a client who has a new prescription for enteral feedings. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to verify the placement of the client's tube? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Measuring aspirate amount examining secretion color measuring pH and obtaining an x-ray confirm NG tube placement. Flushing with water does not verify placement and may skew assessments.