ATI RN
ATI Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam B Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for ipratropium. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth after ipratropium prevents oral irritation or infection. It's used per schedule, relief is not immediate, and food is unrelated.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for lorazepam for anxiety. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding driving is critical while taking lorazepam, a benzodiazepine, as it causes drowsiness and impairs coordination, increasing the risk of accidents.
Choice B is incorrect because lorazepam can be taken with or without food; a high-protein meal is not necessary.
Choice C is incorrect because lorazepam causes sedation, not increased energy.
Choice D is incorrect because lorazepam should not be discontinued abruptly, as this can cause withdrawal symptoms or rebound anxiety; it requires gradual tapering under provider guidance.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A blood glucose level of 250 mg/dL or higher is expected in diabetic ketoacidosis (DK
A), a complication of diabetes characterized by hyperglycemia, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis due to insulin deficiency.
Choice B is wrong because DKA is associated with a low pH (typically <7.3), indicating acidosis, not a normal pH of 7.45.
Choice C is wrong because ketones are present in the urine in DKA due to fat breakdown from insulin deficiency, not absent.
Choice D is wrong because bicarbonate levels are low in DKA (typically <18 mEq/L) due to buffering of excess hydrogen ions in metabolic acidosis, not normal at 22 mEq/L.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic pain about avoiding constipation from opioid medications. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Choice A is wrong because decreasing insoluble fiber intake can worsen constipation. Insoluble fiber adds bulk to the stool and helps it pass more easily through the colon. Clients who take opioid medications should increase their intake of insoluble fiber from sources such as whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds. Exercise can help stimulate bowel movements and prevent constipation, which is a common side effect of opioid medications. Exercise can also improve blood circulation, reduce stress, and enhance mood, which can benefit clients who have chronic pain.
Choice C is wrong because drinking less water can lead to dehydration and hardening of the stool, which can make it more difficult to pass. Clients who take opioid medications should drink plenty of water to keep the stool soft and moist.
Choice D is wrong because taking a laxative every day can cause dependence, tolerance, and electrolyte imbalance. Laxatives should be used only as a last resort and under the guidance of a health care provider. Clients who take opioid medications should try other methods of preventing constipation first, such as increasing exercise, fiber, and water intake.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for sumatriptan for cluster headaches. Which of the following findings should the nurse monitor for as an adverse effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chest tightness is a potential adverse effect of sumatriptan, a triptan used for cluster headaches, due to its vasoconstrictive effects, which may mimic angina and require immediate evaluation.
Choice B is incorrect because weight gain is not associated with sumatriptan; it is more typical of other medications like antidepressants.
Choice C is incorrect because fever is not a common side effect unless an infection is present.
Choice D is incorrect because tachycardia, not bradycardia, may occur due to sumatriptan's stimulatory effects.