ATI RN
ATI Med Surg 2 Respiratory exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing education to a client who is suspected of having type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements would the nurse include in client education?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas, leading to an absolute lack of insulin production.
Extract:
History and Physical
The client was brought to the ED by a family member due to mental status changes. The family member reports that they visit the client every other day, and today the client did not initially recognize them until several minutes into the conversation. The client has diabetes mellitus and takes insulin daily. A wound is noted on the right foot.
Vital Signs
• Temperature: 38.5° C (101.3° F)
• Pulse: 110/min
• Blood pressure: 98/60 mm Hg
• Respiratory rate: 26/min
• Oxygen saturation: 93% on 2 L nasal cannula
Nurses Notes
The client, who was brought to the ED by a family member, exhibited mental status changes today, not recognizing the family member at first. The client has diabetes mellitus and takes insulin daily. They have a wound on the right foot. Initial vital signs upon admission showed a temperature of 38.5° C (101.3° F), pulse of 110/min, blood pressure of 98/60 mm Hg, respiratory rate of 26/min, and oxygen saturation of 93% on 2 L nasal cannula. Arterial blood gases were drawn and sent to the lab.
Diagnostic Results
• RBC Count: 5.0 million cells/mcL (Male: 4.7 to 6.1 million cells/mcL)
• WBC Count: 9,500/mm³ (5,000 to 10,000/mm³)
• Platelets: 57,000/mm³ (150,000 to 400,000/mm³)
• Hemoglobin: 15 g/dL (Male: 14 to 18 g/dL)
• Hematocrit: 45% (Male: 42% to 52%)
• Glucose: 186 mg/dL (74 to 106 mg/dL)
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 73-year-old male client in the emergency department (ED). It has been identified that the client is in sepsis. Select the 4 actions that the nurse should complete in the first hour to manage sepsis and prevent further complications.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Obtaining wound and blood cultures identifies the infection source. Administering saline and antibiotics addresses hemodynamic instability and infection promptly.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Placing the client in a prone position has been shown to improve oxygenation in ARDS by enhancing lung expansion and ventilation-perfusion matching.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis and hypoxia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Obtaining a prescription for supplemental oxygen is the first action as hypoxia must be corrected immediately to ensure adequate tissue oxygenation.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has pleural effusion and has undergone thoracentesis. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as indicative of an infection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Purulent fluid is indicative of an infection as it contains pus, which is a collection of dead white blood cells, bacteria, and tissue debris.