ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 Retake 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take to minimize bleeding following the injection?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Grasp skin between thumb and forefinger throughout the injection. This action helps to stabilize the skin and underlying tissues, reducing the risk of bleeding by preventing unnecessary movement during the injection. Grasping the skin also helps to ensure accurate administration of the medication into the subcutaneous tissue.
B: Aspirating the syringe is not necessary for subcutaneous injections as it is commonly done for intramuscular injections to ensure the needle is not in a blood vessel.
C: The Z-track method is used for intramuscular injections to prevent leakage of medication into surrounding tissues, not applicable for subcutaneous injections.
D: Massaging the site following the injection may increase the risk of bleeding by disrupting the clotting process and causing tissue trauma.
Overall, option A is the most appropriate action to minimize bleeding following a subcutaneous injection.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing the vital signs of a client who is taking amiodarone. The nurse should anticipate which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bradycardia. Amiodarone is known to cause bradycardia as an adverse effect due to its impact on the electrical conduction system of the heart. It can slow down the heart rate, leading to bradycardia. This is a common side effect that nurses should monitor for in clients taking amiodarone.
A: Hypertension is not typically associated with amiodarone use; in fact, it is more commonly used to treat hypertension.
B: Bradypnea refers to slow breathing, which is not a typical adverse effect of amiodarone.
C: Fever is not a common adverse effect of amiodarone; it is more likely to cause cardiac and pulmonary side effects.
Overall, the correct answer is D because bradycardia is a known adverse effect of amiodarone, while the other options are not typically associated with this medication.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing a client's medication administration record and finds digoxin was administered to the client with a heart rate of 58/min. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Examine the client's vital signs and condition. The nurse should first assess the client's current status to determine if any adverse effects of digoxin, such as bradycardia, are occurring. This step is crucial for immediate intervention if necessary.
A: Notifying the nurse manager can be done later after assessing the client.
B: Filing an incident report is important but not the first priority when the client's safety is at risk.
C: Notifying the provider can be done after assessing the client's condition.
In summary, assessing the client's vital signs and condition is the priority to ensure the client's safety and well-being.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is administering 4 mg of hydromorphone to a client by mouth every 4 hr. The medication is provided as hydromorphone 8 mg per tablet. Which of the following actions is appropriate for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dispose of the remaining medication while another nurse observes. This is because hydromorphone is a controlled substance and must be disposed of properly in the presence of another nurse as a witness to maintain accountability and prevent diversion. Returning the medication to the pharmacy (
A) is not appropriate as it could lead to incorrect administration. Storing the remaining half of the pill in the automated medication dispensing system (
C) or placing it in the unit-dose package (
D) can lead to potential errors or misuse.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis of the liver and is receiving spironolactone. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is responding to the treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Decreased ascites. Spironolactone is a diuretic commonly used in liver cirrhosis to reduce fluid retention and ascites. As the medication helps the kidneys excrete excess fluid, a decrease in ascites signifies a positive response to treatment. Increased energy (
A) and increased appetite (
C) are not direct indicators of spironolactone's effectiveness in treating cirrhosis. Decreased jaundice (
D) may improve with liver function but is not a specific response to spironolactone.