ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer filgrastim 5 mcg/kg/day subcutaneous to a client who weighs 143 lb. How many mcg should the nurse administer per day? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the dose of filgrastim for the client, convert their weight from pounds to kilograms (1 kg = 2.2 lb). 143 lb / 2.2 = 65 kg.
Then multiply the weight in kg by the prescribed dose of 5 mcg/kg/day: 65 kg * 5 mcg/kg/day = 325 mcg/day.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: 325 mcg/day.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately calculate the correct dose based on the client's weight and the prescribed dosage of filgrastim.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has received oxycodone. The nurse notes that the client's respiratory rate is 8/min. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the pathophysiology for the client's respiratory rate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C - Oxycodone causes central nervous system depression.
Rationale: Oxycodone is an opioid analgesic that acts on the central nervous system to provide pain relief. One of the common side effects of opioids is respiratory depression, which can lead to a decreased respiratory rate. This occurs because opioids suppress the activity of the brainstem respiratory centers, leading to decreased drive to breathe and ultimately slowing down the respiratory rate.
Therefore, in this scenario, the client's low respiratory rate of 8/min is likely due to the central nervous system depression caused by oxycodone.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
A: Oxycodone blocking the sodium channel suspending nerve conduction is not the mechanism behind the respiratory depression seen with opioids.
B: Oxycodone promoting vasodilation of cranial arteries is not related to the respiratory depression caused by opioids.
D: Oxycodone inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis is not the mechanism responsible for the respiratory
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for nifedipine. Which of the following findings should the nurse assess prior to administration of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blood pressure. Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension. Monitoring the client's blood pressure prior to administration is crucial as nifedipine can cause significant hypotension. Assessing respiratory rate, temperature, and oxygen saturation are important but not specific to nifedipine administration. Blood pressure is the most relevant parameter to monitor for this medication.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer filgrastim 5 mcg/kg/day subcutaneous to a client who weighs 143 lb. How many mcg should the nurse administer per day? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the dose of filgrastim for the client, convert their weight from pounds to kilograms (1 kg = 2.2 lb). 143 lb / 2.2 = 65 kg.
Then multiply the weight in kg by the prescribed dose of 5 mcg/kg/day: 65 kg * 5 mcg/kg/day = 325 mcg/day.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: 325 mcg/day.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately calculate the correct dose based on the client's weight and the prescribed dosage of filgrastim.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing severe vomiting. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prochlorperazine. This medication is an antiemetic that helps in controlling severe vomiting. It works by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, reducing nausea and vomiting. Propafenone (
A) is an antiarrhythmic drug, not indicated for vomiting. Simvastatin (
B) is a statin used for lowering cholesterol. Metformin (
D) is an antidiabetic medication. These choices are incorrect for treating severe vomiting as they do not have antiemetic properties.