ATI RN
ATI RN Medical Surgical 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer ceftazidime 2 g via intermittent IV over 30 min to a client who has osteomyelitis. The amount available is ceftazidime 2 g/50 mL. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
To deliver 50 mL over 30 min, calculate: (50 mL / 0.5 hr) = 100 mL/hr, matching the required infusion rate for ceftazidime administration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a contusion of the brainstem and reports thirst. The client's urinary output was 4,000 mL over the past 24 hr. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following IV medications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Excessive thirst and high urinary output suggest diabetes insipidus from brainstem injury affecting antidiuretic hormone. Desmopressin replaces this hormone, reducing urine output. Other medications address unrelated conditions like shock, hypertension, or edema.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis secondary to an infection. Which of the following prescriptions is the highest priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin reverses diabetic ketoacidosis by lowering glucose and stopping ketogenesis, addressing the life-threatening metabolic crisis. Cultures, fluids, and catheters support treatment but are secondary.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse suspects that a client who has diabetes mellitus is experiencing hypoglycemia. Which of the following assessment findings supports this suspicion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypoglycemia causes sympathetic activation, leading to cold, clammy skin from sweating. Increased urine output, acetone breath, and Kussmaul respirations are associated with hyperglycemia or ketoacidosis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP). The nurse should expect which of the following as an early manifestation of increased ICP?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Restlessness is an early sign of increased ICP due to cerebral irritation, preceding more severe signs like posturing, vomiting, or papilledema, which indicate advanced neurological compromise.