ATI RN
ATI RN Fundamentals 2023 Exam 5 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer cefoxitin 80 mg/kg/day IV every 6 hours to a 6 year-old child who weighs 20 kg. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 400
Rationale:
Step 1: Calculate the total daily dosage in mg. 80 mg/kg/day × 20 kg = 1600 mg/day.
Step 2: Determine the number of doses per day. 24 hours ÷ 6 hours = 4 doses/day.
Step 3: Calculate the dosage per dose. 1600 mg/day ÷ 4 doses/day = 400 mg/dose. The nurse should administer 400 mg per dose.
Question 2 of 5
A staff nurse is teaching a newly hired nurse how to complete an informed consent document for a client. The staff nurse should include that the nurse's signature on the form confirms which of the following requirements? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Language isn’t confirmed by the signature; interpreters can be used. The nurse’s signature verifies the client signed in their presence, was not coerced, and has legal authority (e.g., is competent). Mental health conditions don’t preclude consent if capacity is intact.
Question 3 of 5
A charge nurse is teaching a group of nurses about decreasing the risk for catheter-associated urinary tract infections in clients. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Larger catheters (20 French) increase trauma risk; full bags risk backflow; disconnecting breaks sterility. Keeping the bag below bladder level prevents urine backflow, reducing infection risk.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypocalcemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: A negative Chvostek's sign is not expected in a client with hypocalcemia. The Chvostek's sign is a clinical indicator of hypocalcemia, where tapping the facial nerve triggers facial muscle twitching. A positive Chvostek's sign indicates neuromuscular irritability due to low calcium levels.
Therefore, a negative Chvostek's sign would not be consistent with hypocalcemia. A positive Trousseau's sign is a classic indicator of hypocalcemia. This sign is elicited by inflating a blood pressure cuff on the upper arm to a level above the systolic pressure for several minutes. The resultant carpopedal spasm (involuntary contraction of the hand and wrist muscles) is a positive Trousseau's sign, indicating neuromuscular irritability due to low calcium levels. Muscle cramps are a common symptom of hypocalcemia. Low calcium levels increase neuromuscular excitability, leading to involuntary muscle contractions and cramps. These cramps can occur in various muscle groups, often causing significant discomfort. Abdominal distention is not typically associated with hypocalcemia. While abdominal distention can result from various gastrointestinal issues, it is not a direct symptom of low calcium levels. Hypocalcemia primarily affects neuromuscular function rather than causing abdominal distention. Tingling sensation around the lips, also known as perioral tingling, is a common symptom of hypocalcemia. This occurs due to increased neuromuscular irritability caused by low calcium levels, leading to sensations of tingling or numbness around the mouth.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer prescribed medications to a client. According to the rights of medication administration, when should the nurse compare the medication administration record against the medication container? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: When providing client education about the medication, the nurse focuses on informing the client about the purpose, dosage, and potential side effects of the medication. This step is crucial for ensuring that the client understands their treatment plan and can adhere to it properly. However, this is not the appropriate time to compare the medication administration record (MAR) against the medication container. The comparison should be done during the actual medication administration process to prevent errors. At the client's bedside before administering the medication, the nurse should compare the MAR against the medication container. This step is part of the 'three checks' process, which helps ensure that the correct medication is given to the right patient at the right time. By verifying the medication at the bedside, the nurse can catch any discrepancies and prevent potential medication errors. Before selecting the medication container, the nurse should compare the MAR against the medication container. This is the first of the 'three checks' and is essential for ensuring that the correct medication is selected from the storage area. This step helps prevent errors that could occur if the wrong medication is chosen. While removing medication from the container, the nurse should again compare the MAR against the medication container. This is the second of the 'three checks' and serves as an additional safeguard to ensure that the correct medication is being prepared for administration. This step helps catch any errors that might have been missed during the initial selection. When documenting the medication administration, the nurse records the details of the medication given, including the time, dosage, and any observations. While accurate documentation is crucial for maintaining a complete medical record, this is not the appropriate time to compare the MAR against the medication container. The comparison should be done during the medication administration process to ensure accuracy.