ATI RN
ATI RN Fundamentals 2023 Exam 5 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about colorectal cancer prevention guidelines. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The recommendation for fecal occult blood tests (FOBT) is typically to have them annually, not every 2 years. Regular screening is crucial for early detection of colorectal cancer. The American Cancer Society suggests that people aged 45 and older should have an FOBT every year. This test helps detect hidden blood in the stool, which can be an early sign of cancer. Dietary fiber is actually beneficial in reducing the risk of colorectal cancer. High-fiber diets, rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, are associated with a lower risk of developing colorectal cancer. Fiber helps in maintaining a healthy digestive system and can aid in the prevention of cancer by promoting regular bowel movements and reducing the time that potential carcinogens stay in the colon. Reducing the intake of red meats is a well-supported recommendation for lowering the risk of colorectal cancer. Studies have shown that high consumption of red and processed meats is linked to an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Reducing the intake of these meats and opting for healthier protein sources like fish, poultry, and plant-based proteins can help lower this risk. The standard recommendation for colonoscopy screening is every 10 years for individuals at average risk, starting at age 45. More frequent colonoscopies, such as every 3 years, are generally reserved for those with higher risk factors, such as a family history of colorectal cancer or the presence of polyps. Regular colonoscopy screenings are vital for detecting and removing polyps before they can develop into cancer.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is receiving a change-of-shift report for four clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse see first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dyspnea post-hip arthroplasty could indicate a pulmonary embolism, a life-threatening emergency requiring immediate assessment. UTI with fever, moderate pain, and stable pneumonia are less urgent.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning an educational program for older adult clients. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use when teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Limiting the session to 1 hour is a practical approach when teaching older adults. Research indicates that older adults may have shorter attention spans and may become fatigued more quickly than younger individuals. However, providing a distraction-free environment is more critical for effective learning. Providing an environment with minimal distractions is crucial for effective learning, especially for older adults. Distractions such as noise, poor lighting, and uncomfortable seating can hinder concentration and reduce the effectiveness of the educational program. By creating a calm and focused environment, the nurse can help older adults concentrate better on the material being taught. Presenting the information at a 10th-grade reading level may be too complex for some older adults with varying literacy levels. A lower reading level (e.g., 6th-8th grade) is often recommended for health education to ensure accessibility. Using brightly colored paper can enhance visibility and engagement, especially for those with visual impairments, but it’s less impactful than minimizing distractions for overall comprehension.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to obtain a blood sample from an adult client for a capillary blood glucose test. Which of the following sites should the nurse select?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The thumb and toe pads are thicker and more painful; the ear isn’t standard. The side of the ring finger is ideal due to its capillary supply and lower sensitivity.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is administering multiple types of ophthalmic drops to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Waiting 5 minutes between the administration of each medication is the most appropriate action. This allows each medication to be absorbed properly without being washed away by the subsequent drops. Adequate absorption ensures that each medication can exert its therapeutic effect effectively. Asking the client to close their eyes tightly after instilling each medication is not recommended. This action can force the medication out of the eye, reducing its effectiveness. Instead, clients should be advised to close their eyes gently to allow the medication to spread evenly across the eye surface. Holding the dropper 3 cm (1.2 in) away from the client's eye is too far. The recommended distance is about 1 to 2 cm (0.4 to 0.8 in) to ensure that the drops are accurately placed in the conjunctival sac without touching the eye or eyelashes, which could cause contamination. Massaging the client's eyelids for 20 seconds after instillation is not a standard practice for administering ophthalmic drops. This action could potentially irritate the eye or cause discomfort. Instead, gentle pressure can be applied to the inner corner of the eye (nasolacrimal duct) for a few seconds to prevent the medication from draining into the tear duct.