ATI RN
ATI Capstone Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing a client who is to receive chemotherapy for treatment of ovarian cancer. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer an antiemetic prior to the procedure. This is important because chemotherapy often causes nausea and vomiting. Administering an antiemetic helps prevent or reduce these side effects, promoting client comfort and compliance with treatment.
Choice A is incorrect because dark stools are not a common side effect of chemotherapy for ovarian cancer.
Choice B is incorrect as using mouthwash before therapy may not be relevant to chemotherapy administration.
Choice D is incorrect as flossing frequency is not directly related to chemotherapy treatment.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who is 1 day postoperative following spinal fusion. Which of the following actions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Log roll the client every 2 hours. This action is crucial for preventing complications such as pressure ulcers and maintaining spinal alignment post spinal fusion surgery. Log rolling helps to keep the spine in proper alignment and reduces the risk of injury to the surgical site. Assisting the client to sit upright for 4 hours at a time (choice
A) can put excessive pressure on the surgical site and hinder the healing process. Expecting clear drainage on the spinal dressing (choice
B) is not appropriate as drainage may vary and is not necessarily an indicator of infection. Performing neurological checks every 8 hours (choice
D) is important but should be done more frequently in the immediate postoperative period.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The nurse should expect which of the following findings?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Difficulty starting the flow of urine. This is an expected finding in a client with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) due to the enlargement of the prostate gland, which can obstruct the urethra and impede the flow of urine. This commonly leads to hesitancy or difficulty initiating urination.
- A: Painful urination is not typically associated with BPH, as it is more commonly seen in conditions like urinary tract infections.
- B: Urge incontinence is not a typical finding in BPH; it is more commonly seen in conditions like overactive bladder.
- C: Critically elevated prostate-specific antigen (PS
A) levels are not a direct symptom of BPH but may be used for screening and monitoring prostate cancer.
In summary, difficulty starting the flow of urine is the most relevant finding in BPH due to the mechanical obstruction caused by the enlarged prostate gland.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who is admitted with suspected acute appendicitis. Which of the following manifestations should indicate to the nurse that the child’s appendix is perforated?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sudden decrease in abdominal pain. A sudden decrease in abdominal pain can indicate a perforated appendix due to the release of pressure and inflammation. This sudden relief occurs when the appendix ruptures, causing the abdominal pain to subside temporarily. This is a critical sign that the appendix has perforated and requires immediate medical attention. The other choices are incorrect because: B: Absence of Rovsing’s sign is not specific to a perforated appendix. C: Low-grade fever is commonly seen in uncomplicated appendicitis and may not necessarily indicate perforation. D: A rigid abdomen is a sign of peritonitis, which can occur with a perforated appendix, but it is not as specific as the sudden decrease in pain.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing a response protocol for botulism as a bioterrorism agent. The nurse should prepare the protocol based on which of the following information? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: The correct answers are C and D.
Choice C is correct because botulism can indeed produce paralysis within 12 to 72 hours following exposure. This is crucial information for early detection and treatment.
Choice D is also correct because vomiting and diarrhea are not typical symptoms of botulism. The toxin primarily affects the nervous system, leading to symptoms such as muscle weakness and paralysis.
Choices A, B, and E are incorrect. Botulism is not acquired through direct contact with an infected person (
A), the CDC should be notified immediately upon suspicion of botulism, not after a certain number of cases (
B), and botulism toxin is not found in castor beans (E).