ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing a client who has AIDS for discharge. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the discharge instructions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prevent the spread of infection with good household cleaning practices. The nurse should include this statement in the discharge instructions because individuals with AIDS have weakened immune systems, making them more susceptible to infections. Good household cleaning practices can help prevent the spread of infections to the client and others.
Incorrect choices:
B: Limit handwashing to once a day to avoid skin damage - This is incorrect as frequent handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infections.
C: Avoid sharing towels with other people in the household - This is incorrect as sharing towels can lead to the transmission of infections.
D: Do not disinfect surfaces in the home with bleach - This is incorrect as disinfecting surfaces with bleach is important to kill harmful pathogens.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse teaches a client with breast cancer about chemotherapy side effects. What statement indicates understanding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it shows the client understands the importance of monitoring for potential side effects like unusual menstrual bleeding, which can be a serious complication of chemotherapy. This statement reflects proactive involvement in self-care and prompt communication with healthcare providers.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because stopping chemotherapy without medical guidance can be harmful, hair loss may not always be permanent, and follow-up tests are essential for monitoring treatment effectiveness and potential complications.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client with menopausal symptoms considering hormone therapy. What is a contraindication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: History of breast cancer. Hormone therapy can potentially stimulate the growth of breast cancer cells. It is contraindicated in clients with a history of breast cancer due to the increased risk of cancer recurrence or progression. Other choices are incorrect because: A: History of osteoporosis is not a contraindication for hormone therapy, as it can actually help improve bone density. C: History of anemia is not a contraindication for hormone therapy. D: History of chronic migraines is not a contraindication, but it may need monitoring as hormone therapy can sometimes trigger migraines.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has hypertension and a prescription change from metoprolol to metoprolol/hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. By stating that with the new medication, the client should experience fewer side effects, the client demonstrates understanding that the addition of hydrochlorothiazide may help reduce side effects compared to taking metoprolol alone. This indicates comprehension of the teaching provided by the nurse.
Choice B is incorrect because the client should not expect an increase in blood pressure with the new medication regimen.
Choice C is incorrect as it typically takes time for medications to reach their full effectiveness, so immediate results are not expected.
Choice D is incorrect because stopping medication when feeling better can lead to a worsening of hypertension and other health issues.
Overall, choice A is the best response as it shows an understanding of the medication change and its potential benefits.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who is postoperative following a simple mastectomy. The client is to begin outpatient radiation therapy the next day. Which of the following instructions about maintaining skin integrity should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A. Do not apply heat to the area of irradiation.
Rationale: Heat can increase skin sensitivity and damage during radiation therapy. It is important to avoid any source of heat on the irradiated area to prevent further skin irritation and burns.
Summary:
B. Using sunscreen is not necessary for radiation therapy as it does not protect against radiation.
C. Applying lotion generously can interfere with the radiation treatment and cause skin irritation.
D. Rubbing the area with an alcohol-based lotion can further irritate the skin and is not recommended during radiation therapy.