ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer a controlled substance to a client who is experiencing pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Identify the client using two identifiers. This should be the first action because it ensures the right medication is being given to the right patient, which is crucial for patient safety. By confirming the client's identity with two identifiers (such as name and date of birth), the nurse minimizes the risk of medication errors. Documenting the administration of the medication (
A) should come after ensuring the correct patient is receiving it. Comparing medication amounts to inventory (
B) and removing medication from the cabinet (
D) are important steps but not as critical as confirming the patient's identity.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a sulfonamide allergy. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as contraindicated?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Glyburide. Sulfonamide antibiotics and sulfonylurea medications like glyburide share a similar chemical structure, increasing the risk of cross-reactivity in individuals with sulfonamide allergies. Famotidine (
A) is an H2 blocker, not contraindicated in sulfonamide allergies. Aspirin (
B) is not contraindicated unless the individual has a specific aspirin allergy. Metronidazole (
C) is an antibiotic in a different class and not contraindicated in sulfonamide allergies. Thus, the nurse should identify glyburide as contraindicated due to the potential cross-reactivity in a client with a sulfonamide allergy.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing an adult client who is receiving morphine via continuous IV infusion. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the priority finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Respirations deep at a rate of 10/min. This is the priority finding because it indicates potential opioid overdose, which can lead to respiratory depression, a life-threatening complication. Shallow, slow respirations at a rate of 10/min suggest the client's respiratory drive is compromised, requiring immediate intervention to prevent respiratory arrest.
A: Vomiting 30 mL of fluid is concerning but not immediately life-threatening compared to respiratory depression.
B: Blood pressure of 90/60 mm Hg may be expected with morphine infusion but is not as critical as respiratory depression.
D: Urinary output of 20 mL within 1 hr may indicate decreased renal perfusion but is not as urgent as addressing respiratory compromise.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer propranolol to a client. Which of the following should the nurse assess prior to administering this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Heart rate. Propranolol is a beta-blocker that primarily works by reducing heart rate and blood pressure. Assessing the client's heart rate before administering the medication is crucial to prevent potential complications such as bradycardia or heart block. Temperature (
A), respiratory rate (
B), and pain level (
C) are not directly related to the action or potential side effects of propranolol.
Therefore, they are not the priority assessments before administering this medication.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin sublingual tablets for treating angina. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Place the tablet under the tongue until dissolved. This is the correct instruction for taking nitroglycerin sublingual tablets because sublingual administration allows for rapid absorption through the mucous membranes under the tongue, leading to quick relief of angina symptoms. Placing the tablet under the tongue until dissolved ensures proper absorption and effectiveness of the medication.
Rationale for why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Call 911 if pain persists 30 minutes after taking one tablet - This instruction is incorrect because nitroglycerin is a fast-acting medication, and if the pain persists for 30 minutes, the client may require additional doses or medical attention before that time.
B: Take a tablet every 10 minutes until the pain subsides - This instruction is incorrect because taking multiple tablets in a short period can lead to an overdose and severe hypotension.
D: Store the tablets in a refrigerator in a plastic container - This instruction is incorrect because nitroglycer