ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 1 2024 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has dementia and lives at home. Which of the following physiological changes should the nurse educate the client and family to monitor?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: All listed changes are relevant: weight loss may result from reduced appetite or swallowing issues; decreased mobility reflects functional decline; increased physical activity may indicate restlessness or wandering; unkempt appearance signals self-care challenges; constipation is common due to reduced activity or medication side effects.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has increased intracranial pressure. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed 15° promotes venous drainage from the brain, reducing intracranial pressure, and is a standard intervention for managing increased ICP.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has increased intracranial pressure and has a worsening neurologic condition. Which of the following cues should the nurse recognize as a worsening condition? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Changes to pupil size and shape, swelling of the optic nerve (papilledema), and decreasing Glasgow Coma scores are direct indicators of worsening intracranial pressure due to brainstem compression, optic disc congestion, and deteriorating consciousness. A normal respiratory rate (12/min) and blood pressure (108/74 mm Hg) do not indicate worsening in this context.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is obtaining a preoperative medical and surgical history from a client scheduled for a cataract extraction procedure. Which of the following client statements require further investigation by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Recent respiratory symptoms like cough and runny nose may indicate an infection, which could increase surgical risks and requires further evaluation.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who has Meniere's disease. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that helps reduce fluid retention by increasing urine output. In some cases of Meniere's disease, especially those associated with excessive endolymphatic fluid buildup in the inner ear, furosemide may be prescribed to help reduce fluid volume and alleviate symptoms such as vertigo and pressure sensation in the ear.