ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Quiz 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is giving a presentation to a community group about preventing atherosclerosis. Which of the following should the nurse include as nonmodifiable risk factors for this disorder? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Biological sex and age are nonmodifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis. Males have a higher risk at an earlier age, and advancing age increases risk due to vessel changes. Diabetes, physical inactivity, obesity, high blood pressure, and smoking are modifiable risk factors.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who requires isolation for active pulmonary tuberculosis. Which of the following precautions should the nurse take to prevent the spread of infection? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: C: A surgical mask on the client during transport prevents droplet spread. D: Healthcare providers must wear an N95 mask to protect against airborne particles. E: A closed door maintains negative pressure in the isolation room. A is unnecessary as the client doesn't need a mask when alone, and B is incorrect as TB requires airborne, not contact, precautions.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is establishing health promotion goals for a female client who smokes cigarettes, has hypertension, and has a BMI of 30. Which of the following goals should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Regular exercise, such as walking 30 minutes 5 days a week, improves cardiovascular health, aids weight management, and lowers blood pressure. Calcium avoidance is unnecessary, increased calories are counterproductive, and smokeless tobacco still poses risks.
Question 4 of 5
A client with pneumonia presents with wheezing on auscultation. The nurse would anticipate which medication to be ordered?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Albuterol and ipratropium are bronchodilators that relieve wheezing by relaxing airway muscles, appropriate for pneumonia-related bronchospasm. A is a diuretic, B is an expectorant, and D is a mucolytic, none of which address wheezing.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is checking a coworker's tuberculosis (TB) skin test. The forearm has a raised red area about 12 mm in diameter after 72 hours. What is the best interpretation of this skin test?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A 12 mm induration after 72 hours indicates TB exposure, a positive result. B requires further testing, C is unlikely, and D is incorrect as the reaction is positive.