Correct Answer: B

Rationale: While it's important for the client to understand the alternatives to the procedure it's typically the responsibility of the physician or surgeon to explain these alternatives not the nurse. One of the nurse's responsibilities in the informed consent process is to confirm that the client is competent to sign for the procedure. This means ensuring that the client understands the procedure its risks and benefits and is making the decision voluntarily. Discussing the risks of the procedure with the client is typically the responsibility of the physician or surgeon not the nurse. While the nurse may provide some information about what will occur during the procedure it's typically the responsibility of the physician or surgeon to provide detailed information about the procedure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Checking the patient's visual acuity using a Snellen chart is used to assess cranial nerve II (Optic) not cranial nerve XI (Spinal Accessory). Whispering in one of the patient's ears while blocking the other is a method used to assess cranial nerve VIII (Vestibulocochlear) not cranial nerve XI. Observing the patient's ability to turn their head from side to side is a correct method to assess cranial nerve XI. This nerve innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles which are responsible for turning the head and shrugging the shoulders respectively. Asking the patient to identify specific smells is used to assess cranial nerve I (Olfactory) not cranial nerve XI.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: For a client with Parkinson's disease who has difficulty swallowing or chewing due to muscle rigidity semi-solid food with thick liquids can be easier to swallow and reduce the risk of choking. Minced foods and fluid restriction may not provide the necessary nutrients and hydration for a client with Parkinson's disease. A low-residue diet which is low in fiber may not be appropriate for a client with Parkinson's disease as constipation is a common symptom of the disease and fiber can help alleviate this.
Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a method of feeding that bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. It is typically reserved for clients who cannot or should not get their nutrition through eating.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: While it's important for the client to understand the alternatives to the procedure it's typically the responsibility of the physician or surgeon to explain these alternatives not the nurse. One of the nurse's responsibilities in the informed consent process is to confirm that the client is competent to sign for the procedure. This means ensuring that the client understands the procedure its risks and benefits and is making the decision voluntarily. Discussing the risks of the procedure with the client is typically the responsibility of the physician or surgeon not the nurse. While the nurse may provide some information about what will occur during the procedure it's typically the responsibility of the physician or surgeon to provide detailed information about the procedure.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Academic pressure is a psychological stressor not a physiological one. It involves mental or emotional strain or tension resulting from adverse or demanding circumstances in this case related to academic performance. A burn injury is an example of a physiological stressor. Physiological stressors are related to physical or biological factors that strain the body's resources. A burn injury places physical stress on the body as it tries to heal and recover. Financial difficulties are a type of environmental stressor not a physiological one. They involve external factors in a person's environment that cause stress such as financial problems or job-related stress. A change in marital status is a type of psychosocial stressor not a physiological one. It involves both psychological factors (such as emotions and behavior) and social factors (such as relationships and social interactions).